Explore 'Farman,' an authoritative command or edict rooted deep in Persian and Ottoman cultures. Understand its historical significance and its multifaceted meanings across different Muslim societies.
Discover the depths of 'Al-Muqaddimah,' the groundbreaking introductory work by Ibn Khaldun. Gain insights into the philosophy of history, human civilization, and early historiography.
Dive into the depths of Islamic Contract Law, exploring its principles, historical evolution, and cultural impact. Learn how the intricacies of legal contracts intertwine with faith and ethical conduct as prescribed by Sharia.
Dive into the rich tradition of Nahj al-Balaghah, a cornerstone collection of Islamic discourse, covering sermons, letters, and wise sayings of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Discover its historical significance, role in shaping Islamic governance, and ongoing influence in contemporary debates.
Dive into the history and significance of the Islamic Charter Front, a Sudanese organization founded by the Muslim Brothers in 1964. Learn about its political goals, influence, and eventual dissolution.
Dive into the rich history and cultural significance of the Maronites, a pivotal Eastern-rite community within the Roman Catholic Church. Understand their origins, historical evolvements, and their influence in Lebanese politics.
Delve into the Usuli school of Islamic law, highlighting its rational processes, the practice of ijtihad, and its profound influence on Shii society and politics. Explore the historical evolution and the significance of marja al-taqlid.
Dive into the life and influence of Ahmed Kasravi, a prominent Iranian historian and political thinker, who championed modernity and unity over sectarianism and traditionalism. Learn about his critical views, the controversy surrounding his stance on Shiism, and his legacy.
Explore the Council of Experts of Iran, an elected body of clerics entrusted with advising the Revolutionary Council, drafting the constitution, and overseeing the leadership succession in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Delve into the term 'Munshi,' a designation for scribes and secretaries in Islamic traditions. Trace its historical significance from the eighth century, examining its role among Persians, Indians, and later Europeans.
Discover the towering contributions of Imam Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani to Islamic law, including his seminal work on taxation and the principles of usul al-fiqh.
Discover the inspiring journey of Kaʿb ibn Mālik, a celebrated poet and companion of the Prophet Muhammad, his trials during the expedition to Tabūk, and the divine message of forgiveness in the Qurʾān.
Explore the works and influence of Mehmet Namik Kemal, an eminent Ottoman Turkish poet and writer. Understand his amalgamation of traditional Islamic values with liberal European ideals and his vision for constitutionalism.
Dive into Farsi, the Indo-European language also known as New Persian. Learn how it evolved post-Islamic conquest and its significance in the Muslim world.
Delve into the concept of Mukātib (مكاتب) in Islamic tradition, which allows a slave to ransom themselves with the consent of their owner. Explore its historic significance, cultural practices, and theological implications.
Discover the legacy of Jubair ibn Mut‘im, a revered Companion and traditionist, and his significant contributions to Islamic scholarship. Explore the enduring impact of his lineage, especially through his notable son, Ibn Jubair.
Explore the life and influence of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, the first caliph in Sunni Islam, and his significant contributions to political and religious leadership. Understand how his principles laid the groundwork for Islamic governance and democracy.
Explore the influential reign of Al-Ma'mun, the Abbasid caliph who championed scientific and philosophical advancements in the Islamic Golden Age, notably through the establishment of Bayt al-Hikmah in Baghdad.
Delve into the life and contributions of Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, a paramount figure in early Islamic historiography and hadith scholarship whose works underpinned significant Islamic literature.
Delve into the complex dynamics between Communism and Islam, examining historical interactions, oppositions, and collaborations, particularly in the context of colonialism, national independence, and post-Soviet-era transformations.
Delve into the life and work of Mir Damad, a leading Persian philosopher and theologian of the Safavid period. Explore his synthesis of peripatetic philosophy, Hikmat al-Ishraq, and his efforts to integrate Shiism and Sufism.
Explore the history, ideology, significant figures, and evolving strategies of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. Understand its influence in the region and its vision for integrating Islam into modern governance and societal framework.
Explore the Bakri Tariqah, a significant branch of the Khalwati Sufi order founded by Mustafa ibn Kamal al-Din al-Bakri in the mid-eighteenth century. Understand its teachings, historical background, and its influence on various subgroups within the Islamic world.
Dive into the life and contributions of Sayyid Kazim Rashti, an influential figure in the Shii Shaykhi movement, examining his teachings, historical significance, and the controversy surrounding his legacy.
Delve into the life and teachings of Ibn Idris Ahmad, a Moroccan Sufi teacher whose antiauthoritarian philosophies revolutionized Islamic thought. Discover the influence of Ibn al-Arabi on his work and understand the spread of the Idrisi tradition.
Dive deep into the world of Idrisi Tariqah, the Sufi brotherhoods and schools initiated by Ahmad ibn Idris and his descendants. Understand their historical significance, cultural influence, and the political roles they played across various regions such as Egypt, Sudan, and the Ottoman Empire.
Dive into the multifaceted concept of Nizam in Islamic thought, encompassing order, organization, and doctrinal systems. Trace its influence through various movements and its implications in both historical and contemporary contexts.
Dive into the life and legacy of Ibn Tumart, Abu Abd Allah Muhammad, the Berber religious reformer who founded the revolutionary Almohad movement. Understand his profound influence on Islamic theology, politics, and culture.
Explore the life of Ghulam Azam, influential Bangladeshi political leader and Amir of Jamaat-i Islami. Understand his significant role during critical periods in Bangladesh’s history and his legacy.
Dive into the profound significance of the Hajar al-Aswad, the venerated Black Stone of the Kaaba. Discover its origins, historical importance, and its pivotal role during the Hajj pilgrimage.
Delve into the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU), understanding its origins, influence, and goals to establish a government based on Shariah, beginning from the post-Soviet era.
Explore Al-As̤aru ʾSh-Sharīf (الأثر الشريف), the sacred relics associated with the Prophet Muḥammad, including the hair of his beard or mustachios and his footprints. Discover their significance in Islamic tradition and their presence in mosques across the world.
Discover the life of Omar Abdel Rahman, a profound yet controversial Egyptian religious scholar, known for his radical Islamist views. Analyze his influence on militant groups and his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.
Explore the life of Djamila Bouhired, a prominent Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) activist. Learn about her role in the Algerian fight for independence, her arrest, and subsequent contributions to Algerian society.
Discover the life and impact of Fazlullah Nuri, a prominent Iranian Shii cleric, and his role in the Tobacco Revolt and Constitutional Revolution. Explore his evolving stance on governance and Islamic law.
Explore Istīlād, an Islamic legal term referring to the acknowledgment of a child born to a slave woman, leading to the child's legitimacy and the slave's emancipation. Uncover its historical context, cultural implications, and comparisons with other legal systems.
Explore K͟halīfah, the Islamic concept of caliphate, which designates the vicegerent or successor, vested with authority in both secular and religious matters. Learn about the historical background, cultural distinctions, and doctrinal significance of this revered office.
Explore the Khawārij (خوارج), a notable early Islamic sect that emerged post the Battle of Ṣiffīn. Delve into their unique theological and political stances and understand their influence in early Islamic history.
Dive deep into the history and evolution of Komiteh, the pivotal revolutionary committees that played a crucial role in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Explore their origins, ideological diversity, and eventual integration into the national police force.
Delve into the life and reforms of Mahmud II, the Ottoman Sultan who embraced Western-inspired reforms to modernize his empire amidst internal and external challenges.
Explore the concept of Maʾẕūn (ماذون) in Islamic society, denoting a licensed or privileged slave who receives a remission of certain prohibitions associated with bondage. Delve into its historical, cultural, and theological contexts.
Explore QINN (قن), a term referring to a slave, particularly one born into slavery within a family where both parents are also slaves. Understand its origins, significance, cultural context, and comparisons to other historical practices of slavery.
A comprehensive study of Rawafid, a term exposing the historic and ongoing divide between Sunni and Shia Muslims. Explore its etymology, context, cultural significance, and the evolving perception from derogation to a badge of resistance.
Discover the history and influence of the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine, its origins, transformations over decades, and its relationship with Hamas. Explore its impact on Palestinian society, politics, and education.
Dive deep into the history and controversy surrounding ʿAbdu ʾllāh ibn Saʿd, one of Prophet Muhammad's secretaries, who is both praised and condemned in Islamic tradition.
Explore the life and influence of Abbasi Madani, a pivotal figure in Algerian Islamic activism. Understand his journey from resistance against French colonizers to founding the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) and challenging the socialist orientation of the FLN.
Explore the Conseil National des Français Musulmans (CNFM), its history, objectives, and impact on social and economic integration of Muslims in France. Learn about its fight against discrimination and for equality among religious institutions in the country.
Dive into the life and contributions of Shatibi, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-, the influential 14th-century Andalusian Maliki scholar. Explore his groundbreaking ideas on usul al-fiqh, his critiques on the fiqh of his age, and his lasting impact on modern Islamic thought.
Discover the intriguing persona of ẔŪ ʾL-QARNAIN in Islamic text who is often linked with Alexander the Great. Unveil the detailed descriptions from the Qurʾān, historical speculations, and the harmony and conflicts arising from various Islamic scholars.
Explore the life of Kurz Ibn Jābir (كرز بن جابر), a Quraish chieftain known for his initial raids on Muslim herds and his subsequent conversion to Islam, ending his life as a martyr under the command of Khalid ibn al-Walid during the conquest of Makkah.
Explore the historical, cultural, and theological perspectives on Naqus (نَاقُوس), or bells, within Islamic tradition. Understand their significance, origin, and differences in interpretation across Muslim cultures.
Delve into the rich history of NĀQŪS, an ancient Christian method of summoning believers to worship, and compare its transition to the Islamic practice of the Adhān (أَذَان).
Dive into the historical and religious significance of Abu Lahab, an ardent opponent of Prophet Muhammad, renowned for his enmity and his fate as depicted in the Qur'an.
Explore the life and impact of Awdah, Abdal-Aziz, a significant Palestinian Islamic fundamentalist leader. Discover his background, education, militant associations, and his role in founding Islamic Jihad of Palestine.
Dive into the details of the Gulf War, from its origins and major events to its profound impact on the Middle East and beyond. Explore diverse perspectives and its legacy in modern history.
Uncover the Tanzimat, an era of profound social and political reform in the Ottoman Empire, which laid the foundations for modern Turkish statehood. Explore its origins, impact, and the enduring legacy on the Muslim world.
Dive into the life and contributions of Ibn al-Haytham, also known as Alhazen, a seminal figure in the field of optics. Explore his groundbreaking works and their significant influence on medieval, Renaissance, and seventeenth-century science.
Dive into the life and contributions of Jabir ibn Hayyan, Abu Musa, a monumental figure in heretic science known for his synthesis of cosmological and scientific ideas, and his status as the progenitor of Arab chemistry.
Explore ʿIlmu ʾl-Aktāf, an ancient Arabian practice of divination using the shoulder-blades of sheep. Dive into its historical background, etymology, cultural significance, and comparative analysis with related forms of divination.
An in-depth look at the historical and mathematical contributions of medieval Islamic scholars to the field of geometry, influencing its use in astronomy, solving algebraic problems, and the developments in non-Euclidean geometries.
Delve into the history, significance, and evolution of the United Malays National Organization (UMNO). Understand its role in shaping Malaysia's political landscape and its efforts to balance Islamic values with modernization.
Dive into the intriguing historical narrative of Ukaydir, the Christian chief of Dūmah, and his interactions with the early Islamic community. Discover his capture by Khalid, the peace negotiations, and his rebellion after the Prophet Muhammad's death.
Delve into Hizb-i Islami, Afghanistan's influential political movement. Understand its origins, leaders, historical significance, and role in the Afghan war.
Discover the Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI), its history, significance, leadership, and its contributions to the resistance against the Iraqi regime. Understand the socio-political ramifications in Iraq's history and its cultural impact among Shiites.
Explore the life, influence, and legacy of Sayyid Ali Khamenei, a key figure in Iran's Islamic Revolution and Supreme Leader since 1989. Understand his journey from student to Supreme Leader and his impact on global and Iranian politics.
Explore the Kharijis/Kharijites, one of the early and influential sectarian groups in Islamic history who initially supported Ali but turned against him due to differing ideological beliefs. Discover their historical impact and today's survival as the Ibadi sect.
Delve into the historical context, evolution, and current understanding of slavery in Islam. Examine its cultural and religious dimensions, and the efforts to eradicate this practice in recent centuries.
Dive into the 1891-92 Iranian Tobacco Protest, a significant event led by religious scholars, merchants, and intellectuals against British monopoly. Discover its lasting impact on the political landscape and the collaboration between the ulama and merchants.
Dive into the profound history of Al-Muhajirun, the Exiles who migrated with Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina. Explore their incomparable contributions to the establishment of the early Islamic community and their lasting legacy.
Examine the life and legacy of Huda Sharawi, a leader of the Egyptian feminist movement. Discover her role in advocating for women's rights within modernist Islam.
Discover the life and legacy of Abu Jahl, one of the fiercest opponents of Prophet Muhammad and early Islam. Learn about his role within the Quraysh tribe, his actions during the nascent stages of Islam, and his ultimate fate at the Battle of Badr.
Delve into the story of 'Ad, an ancient tribe mentioned in the Quran, known for their arrogance and disobedience, leading to their extinction. Understand their historical and cultural significance and its parallels with the Quraysh.
Explore the illustrious title 'Pasha', a symbol of Ottoman nobility and authority bestowed upon generals, governors, and high-ranking officials. Understand its historical prominence, cultural impact, and transformations over centuries.
Delve deep into the multifaceted story of Jirjīs (جرجيس), known as St. George in the Christian tradition and potentially a figure of Islamic theology. Understand the historical and cultural significance of this enigmatic character.
Delve into the profound history and unique evolution of Islam in Bosnia-Herzegovina, from its arrival during the Ottoman period to its significant cultural and political developments.
Discover the significance of Jabal Musa, also known as the Mount of Moses or Mount Sinai, in Islamic tradition. Dive into its etymology, cultural relevance, and theological importance across different faiths.
Dive into the rich history of Cairo, the cultural and political heart of Egypt and a beacon of Islamic civilization. Discover its historical landmarks, cultural significance, and lasting legacy in Islam.
Dive into the illustrious history of Istanbul, its transformation from Byzantium and Constantinople to a contemporary cosmopolitan marvel. Discover architectural, cultural, and historical insights from its timeline.
Delve into the intricate world of Islamic guilds, uncovering their socio-economic roles, historical evolution, and cultural significance from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries.
Dive into the rich history of Aya Sofia Mosque, a monument that served as a Byzantine church, an Ottoman mosque, and a modern-day museum. Explore its transformation and cultural significance across centuries.
Journey through Damascus, the ancient capital of Syria, a timeless city that has stood as a fort of Islamic culture and history since the seventh century.
Explore the term DĀRU ʾS-SALT̤ANAH, referring to the seat of government in Islamic governance. Understand its etymology, cultural significance, and its position in historical Islamic states.
Delve into the rich history and essence of MIṢR (مصر), commonly known as Egypt, a cornerstone of ancient civilization and Islamic heritage. Understand its etymology, cultural significance, and impact on Islamic and global history.
Dive into the rich history of Al-Fustat, the first capital of the conquering Arab armies of Egypt. Explore its cultural, economic, and architectural significance, and the factors leading to its decline and transformation into modern Cairo.
Dive into the reign of Mansur, Abu Jafar al-, the second Abbasid caliph who established Baghdad, enhanced bureaucracy, and introduced influential institutions like hisbah. Understand his lasting impact on the Islamic Golden Age.
Dive into the depths of the term K͟HĀN (خان), examining its wide-ranging meanings from a ruler to a caravansary. Trace its etymology, cultural impact, and role in Islamic and regional history.
Dive into the Islamic term 'Ḥijr,' exploring its origins, religious significance, cultural differences, and fascinating insights from notable Islamic works. Uncover the meanings and implications behind interdiction, historical regions, and the Qurʾānic reference.
Delve into the history, ethos, and the political journey of Jamaat-i Islami of Bangladesh from its origins to its current stature in Bangladeshi politics.
Explore the ancient city of Memphis, referred to in Islamic texts as MUNF or MANF (منف). Discover its remarkable history, the Qur'ānic account of Moses in this city, and its significance in both Islamic and Egyptian lore.
Dive into the role of the Grand Vizier, the Sultan's chief deputy in the Ottoman Empire, responsible for acting in military and civil matters and presiding over the imperial diwan.
Delve into the rich history of the Juma Mosque built in 1606 by Shah Jahan, its architectural marvel, and its significance in the socio-political fabric of India. Learn about its role in contemporary debates and interfaith dialogues.
Discover the historical and cultural significance of Ṣanʿāʾ, Yemen's enigmatic capital. Delve into its notable events, including the invasion led by Abrahatu ʾl-Ashram, which marks the Year of the Elephant.
Delve into the history, significance, and cultural impact of the Abbasid Caliphate, the dynasty descended from al-ʿAbbās, a paternal uncle of the Prophet Muhammad. Discover their achievements, conflicts, and contributions to Islamic civilization.
Dive into the origins, actions, and eventual dissolution of the Islamic Republican Party, essential to Iran post-1979 revolution. Understand its ideological foundation, influence on national and international politics, and its eventual demise.
Discover the pivotal role of the National Congress Party in Indian politics, its transformation from a nationalist organization, its influence in the Indian independence movement, and the eventual partition of India.
Discover Najaf, one of Iraq’s two holiest cities, historically and religiously significant in Shia Islam. Delve into its profound past, cultural legacy, and its contentious yet symbiotic connection with Qom.
Delve into the rich cultural and historical landscape that defines Arabia, or Bilādu ʾl-ʿArab, examining its ancient tribes, celestial myths, and the revered genealogy linking it to Ishmael and the lineage of Prophet Muhammad.
Explore the historical and cultural background of G͟HAT̤AFĀN (غطفان), an Arabian tribe descended from Qais. Delve into their significance in Islamic history and their contributions to the ancient Arabian struggle.
Explore the ancient pre-Islamic Arabian community of Thamud, their story in the Qur'an, their prophet Salih, and the lessons derived from their fate.
Explore KĀRAWĀN (کاروان), the Persian term for caravan, and delve into its role in Islamic history, culture, and trade. Learn about its leadership, compare it with other traditions, and uncover its significance in the expansion of early Islamic civilization.
