Ezekiel in Islamic Theology: The Silent Prophet of Dry Bones
Comprehensive Definition
Ezekiel (Arabic: Ḥizqīl حِزْقِيل), a prophet recognized in Biblical tradition, is referenced in Islamic theology through subtle allusions in the Qur´an. Although not explicitly mentioned by name, scholars interpret certain verses as referring to Ezekiel’s lifework and his vision, particularly the resurrection of dry bones.
Etymology
The name Ezekiel derives from the Hebrew “Yehezqel,” meaning “God strengthens” or “God will strengthen.” The Arabic name Ḥizqīl holds similar connotations, underlying the role of the divine in empowering and redeeming humanity through prophetic visions.
Background and Cultural Context
The story of Ezekiel’s vision of the dry bones is depicted in the Bible (Ezekiel 37:1–14), envisioning a vivid resurrection where lifeless bones are brought back to life through divine command. Islamic tradition holds that this vision is analogous to the resurrection and reanimation depicted in the Qur´an, especially in Sūrah al-Baqarah (2:243–244):
“Dost thou not look at those who left their homes by thousands, for fear of death; and God said to them, ‘Die’, and then He quickened them again?”
Al-Baiḍāwī, an influential Qur’anic commentator, and other exegetes like the Kamālan suggest that this passage alludes to the historical account of Israelites who fled death, possibly due to war or plague, only to be struck dead and then resurrected through the intercession of Ezekiel. Other scholars debated that Ezekiel may coincide with Ẕū ʾl-Kifl, a revered yet less defined figure in Islamic tradition.
Synonyms, Antonyms, and Related Terms
- Synonyms: Ḥizqīl, Prophet of Dry Bones
- Antonyms: Unmentioned Prophet
- Related Terms:
- Ẕū ʾl-Kifl: Another prophet with mysterious associations, debated to be Ezekiel.
- Sūrah Al-Baqarah (2:243-244): Qur’anic verses believed to reference Ezekiel.
- Resurrection: Common theme connecting prophetic visions.
Exciting Facts
- Cultural Bridge: The tale of Ezekiel creates a fascinating intersection of Judaic and Islamic narratives, facilitating comparative studies in theology.
- Symbol of Resurrection: Ezekiel’s vision broadly symbolizes themes of revival and hope, mirrored in various spiritual and mythological contexts.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- Al-Baiʻḍāwī: “The multitude who fled in fear and were restored illustrate faith’s triumph over mortal dread through divine intervention.”
- Ibn Kathir: “…an invocation of returning life, echoing through generations as a reminder of divine power.”
References and Suggested Literature
- Ṭabarī’s Tafsīr: Comprehensive Islamic commentary shedding light on various prophetic references.
- Al-Baiʼẓāwī’s Commentaries: Exegesis explaining different interpretative traditions regarding Ezekiel and Ẕū ʾl-Kifl.
- “Prophets in the Quran: An Introduction to the Caucasus Civilization” by Stephen Shoemaker: Providing academic insight into Islamic prophetology and its Judaic roots.
- “The Qur’an and its Biblical Subtext” by Gabriel Said Reynolds: Comparative examination of Biblical influences on Islamic texts.
- “Signs of the Unseen: The Legacy of the Prophets” by Özgen Felek: Offering a mystic exploration of prophetic significance and resurrection motifs.
Quizzes
Farewell
May you find knowledge as a source of illumination, not only through texts but also through the unseen connections that bind our shared human stories. The study of prophets like Ḥizqīl reminds us that divine wisdom transcends time and tradition, urging every seeker to cultivate a garden of faith and understanding.
— Amina Al-Fahad, October 2023.
