The Second Coming of Jesus (ʿIsā Ibn Maryam) is a concept that is richly detailed in Islamic traditions, despite the Qurʾān itself having little to no specific teachings on the matter. Notably, it appears prominently in Hadith literature, such as the Mishkātu ʾl-Maṣābīḥ, providing profound insights into this eschatological event.
Comprehensive Definition
In Islamic eschatology, the Second Coming of Jesus refers to the foretold return of ʿIsā Ibn Maryam (Jesus, son of Mary) to Earth before the Day of Judgment. Unlike the Christian narrative of Jesus’ return centered around salvation, the Islamic perspective focuses on Jesus’ role as a just ruler, shattering false doctrines and leading humanity back to the path of righteousness.
Etymology & Background
The term “ʿIsā Ibn Maryam” stems from Arabic:
- ʿIsā (عيسى) is the Islamic name for Jesus.
- Ibn Maryam (ابن مريم) means “son of Mary”, highlighting his miraculous birth.
Classical References in Hadith
Among the key Hadith is one related by Abu Hurairah, who recounts the Prophet Muhammad’s (peace and blessings be upon him) prophecy: “By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, surely (Jesus,) the son of Mary will soon descend amongst you and will judge mankind justly; he will break the Cross and kill the pigs and there will be no Jizya (i.e. taxation taken from non-Muslims).” [Sahih al-Bukhari, Book 55, Hadith 657]
Contextual Implications
These descriptions emphasize:
- The unity of God’s truth against false doctrines.
- Jesus’ role in ending Disharmony and ushering in an era of unprecedented peace and prosperity.
Cultural Differences & Similarities
Across Abrahamic Faiths
- Islam vs. Christianity: While Christianity holds Jesus’ Second Coming as a herald of final judgment and salvation, in Islam, Jesus’ return is seen as reaffirming monotheism and correcting deviations.
- Islam vs. Judaism: Judaism, which does not recognize Jesus as the Messiah, does not have a comparable belief in a second coming of Jesus.
Synonyms
- The Return of ʿIsā
- ʿIsā’s Descent
- Parousia (in Christian theology, but matches conceptually)
Antonyms
- First Coming of Jesus (Refers to his birth and life as detailed in Christian doctrine)
Related Terms with Definitions
- Mahdi (المهدي): In Islamic eschatology, a prophesied redeemer who, along with Jesus, will establish justice.
- Dajjal (الدّجّال): The false messiah or anti-Christ, whose emergence is also prophesied prior to the return of Jesus.
- Jizya (جزية): A per capita yearly tax historically levied in state-governed regions on non-Muslim subjects.
Exciting Facts
- Interfaith Respect: Jesus is a revered figure not just in Christianity, but also in Islam, highlighting a significant interfaith connection.
- Eschatological Nuance: While the Qurʾān does not elaborate on the second coming, the Hadith literature provides robust descriptions, reflecting the diverse theological sources in Islam.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- “Jesus’ return in Islam symbolizes a moment of truth, where justice and monotheism triumph over corruption and polytheism.” — Amina Al-Fahad
Suggested Literature and Other Sources for Further Studies
- Books:
- “The Last Prophet: A Review of Islamic Eschatology” by Muhammad F. Ansari
- “Jesus in the Quran and Hadith” by Louay Fatoohi
- Articles:
- “Comparative Eschatology: Islam and Christianity” by Karen Armstrong.
Quizzes
Thank you for delving into this profound journey through Islamic eschatology and the revered traditions concerning the Second Coming of Jesus. May our explorations foster deeper understanding and respect across diverse beliefs.
📚 Keep learning and growing, for knowledge illuminates the path to wisdom.
Best, Amina Al-Fahad October 3, 2023
