💭 Understanding ʿABASA: The Sūrah of “He Frowned” 📖
Comprehensive Definition
ʿABASA (عبس): This term refers to “He frowned,” which is the title of the 80th chapter (Surah) of the Qur’an. It addresses an incident involving the Prophet Muhammad and a blind man named ʿAbdu ʾllāh ibn Umm Maktūm, deeply emphasizing the values of humility, respect, and divine guidance.
Etymology
The word “ʿAbasa” in Arabic means “He frowned,” stemming from the root “ʿa-ba-sa,” which connotes a facial expression of mild displeasure or concern. This root reflects emotions related to worry, introspection, and contemplation of significant matters.
Background
According to Islamic tradition, during a critical conversation with the leaders of Quraish, the Prophet Muhammad was interrupted by ʿAbdu ʾllāh ibn Umm Maktūm, a blind companion. The Prophet’s response was one of slight disregard, captured in the first verse of Sūrah ʿAbasa. The chapter reveals God’s gentle admonishment of the Prophet’s action: “He frowned and turned away because the blind man came to him.”
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Across Islamic cultures, the teaching from this Sūrah serves as a reminder of the importance of treating everyone with respect and compassion, regardless of their social standing or physical abilities. Similar values are seen in many other world religions, which emphasize humility and respect towards all individuals.
Synonyms
- Displeasure (عدم الرضا)
- Frown (تجاعيد الوجه)
- Concern (قلق)
Antonyms
- Smile (ابتسام)
- Gladness (سرور)
- Satisfaction (رضا)
Related Terms with Definitions
- Qur’an (القرآن): The holy book of Islam believed to be the literal word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad.
- Sūrah (سورة): A chapter of the Qur’an, with each Surah consists of one or more verses (ayahs).
- Hadith (حديث): Narrations concerning the words and actions of the Prophet Muhammad.
- Tafsir (تفسير): The exegesis or commentary on the Qur’an.
Exciting Facts
- ʿAbdu ʾllāh ibn Umm Maktūm: Despite this incident, he remained a close companion of the Prophet. He was given the honor of being one of the first mu’adhin (one who calls to prayer).
- Multi-layered Lessons: This Surah exemplifies how Islamic teachings prioritize self-correction and constant alignment with ethical guidance provided by God.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- Imam Al-Ghazali: “Humility and keen perception are the hallmarks of a righteous soul; thus, the Qur’an guides not only through praise but also through gentle reproach to foster human excellence.”
References and Suggested Literature
- “The Qur’an” by Muhammad Abdel-Haleem - An accessible and renowned translation.
- “Tafsir Ibn Kathir” - A comprehensive commentary on the Qur’an by the renowned Islamic scholar, Ibn Kathir.
- “Muhammad: Man and Prophet” by Adil Salahi - Provides deep insights into the life and prophethood of Muhammad.
- “The Message of the Qur’an” by Muhammad Asad - Contains insightful translations and commentaries.
- “In the Footsteps of the Prophet: Lessons from the Life of Muhammad” by Tariq Ramadan - An inspirational recount of the Prophet’s life and its timeless lessons.
Inspirational thought-provoking farewell
“Let the lessons of humility and divine guidance etched in Surah ʿAbasa be a reminder to look beyond our immediate judgments and nurture compassion in all our interactions.” – Amina Al-Fahad, 2023
