Definition and Meaning
Shatibi, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-
Shatibi, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al- (d. 790 AH/1388 CE): A prominent Andalusian Maliki scholar, reformer, and intellectual known for his contributions to Islamic jurisprudence (usul al-fiqh), grammar, and poetry. He was critically acclaimed for his innovative ideas and criticisms of contemporary Maliki jurisprudence, advocating for a renewed emphasis on the supremacy of the Qur’an and the principles of maslahah (public interest) in Islamic law.
Etymology and Background
The name Shatibi derives from the Arabic الشاطبي, referring to his birthplace, the city of Shatiba (Xativa) in present-day Spain. Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Shatibi is revered for revitalizing Islamic jurisprudence by reconciling traditional practices with rationalism and ethical considerations.
Historical Facts and Dates
Born: In Xativa, Al-Andalus (exact year unknown).
Died: 790 AH/1388 CE.
Shatibi’s era coincided with the heydays of Islamic intellectualism in Al-Andalus, an epoch notable for its scholarship and contributions to various sciences and humanities.
Major Works
- Al-Muwafaqat: His seminal work on usul al-fiqh, focusing on the objectives (maqasid) of Shariah and the importance of common good (maslahah).
- Al-I’tisam: Examines the innovation (bid’ah) within Islamic practices, particularly stressing adherence to the Qur’an and Sunnah.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Shatibi’s perspectives resonate differently across Islamic traditions. While widely accepted among modernist reformers, his emphasis on rational interpretations and public welfare (maslahah) garnered mixed reactions in more traditional circles.
Synonyms
- Ibn al-Shatibi
Antonyms
- Traditionalist Scholars who strictly adhered to established jurisprudence (Fiqh) without reinterpretation.
Related Terms with Definitions
- Usul al-Fiqh: The study of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
- Maqasid al-Shariah: Objectives or goals of Islamic law, which emphasize justice, common good, and livelihood.
- Taqlid: The practice of following established jurisprudence without questioning.
- Maslahah: Public interest or welfare used in Islamic legal reasoning.
Exciting Facts
- Modern scholars like Muhammad Abduh and Malik Bennabi have drawn heavily on Shatibi’s works to support progressive trends in Islamic thought.
- Shatibi’s critique of taqlid was groundbreaking for his time, advocating for contextual reevaluation of legal rulings.
Quotations
“Understanding the spirit of the law is more significant than merely adhering to its letter.” - A reflection inspired by Shatibi’s emphasis on maslahah.
References
Suggested Literature for Further Study
- “The Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence” by Muhammad Hashim Kamali: Explores fundamental topics of usul al-fiqh like those presented by Shatibi.
- “Maqasid al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach” by Jasser Auda: Delve into the objectives of Shariah as highlighted by Shatibi, linking them to broader legal and philosophical discourses.
Quizzes
Inspirational thought: “In questioning precedents and navigating forward for the greater good, one contributes to the enduring legacy of enlightened thought.”
Fatima Zahra El-Edrisi
October 3, 2023
