Definition
AD-DUK͟HĀN (الـدخان): “The Smoke.” It is the title of the 44th chapter of the Qurʾān, wherein verse 44:10 foretells, “Expect thou the day when the heaven shall bring a palpable smoke,” indicating an eschatological event of great significance.
Etymology
The Arabic term الدخان (‘ad-dukhān’) translates to “the smoke” in English. The root word دخن (d-kh-n) has connotations of smoke or fumes emanating from fire.
Background
Surah AD-DUK͟HĀN primarily revolves around significant signs of the end times and serves as a stern reminder of Divine retribution and mercy. Historically, the interpretation of this chapter has hinged upon prophetic traditions forewarning of a great smoke reaching from the heavens, often associated with broader apocalyptic narratives prevalent in many religious traditions.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Cultural Resonances
- Islamic Thought: Within Islam, “The Smoke” is often seen as a literal and tangible prophetic warning regarding the Day of Judgment.
- Biblical Tradition: Parallels can be found in the Book of Revelation within Christianity, where apocalyptic signs accorded similar symbolic tones.
- Hindu Cosmology: References to heavenly disruptions signify transformative cosmic cycles, reminiscent of the phases described in scriptures like the Mahabharata.
Synonyms
- Palpable Smoke (دخان جلي)
Antonyms
- Serenity (الهدوء)
- Clarity (الوضوح)
Related Terms
- Qiyamah (قيامة): The Day of Judgment in Islam, when the world will come to an end.
- Ayāt al-Qiyāmah (آيات القيامة): Signs of the Day of Judgment.
Exciting Facts
- Eschatological Symbol: In Islamic eschatology, the appearance of “The Smoke” is one of the ten major signs preceding the Day of Judgment.
- Global Cultural Impact: The motif of the heavenly “smoke” connects various global religious narratives, signaling a universally perceived end times scenario.
Quotations
- “Expect thou the day when the heaven shall bring a palpable smoke.” — Qurʾān 44:10
- “The signs of the end days are like beads in a necklace; once the first falls, the rest follow in quick succession.” — Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).
References and Suggested Literature
- Sayyid Qutb: Fi Zilal al-Qurʾān - Detailed commentary on the Qurʾān by a renowned Islamic scholar.
- Ibn Kathir: Stories of the Prophets - Historical perspectives on prophetic traditions intersecting with eschatological narratives.
- Yusuf Ali: The Holy Qurʾān: Translation and Commentary - Comprehensive English translation and interpretation of the Qurʾān.
Keep expanding your horizons within the boundless ocean of knowledge. Each discovery in the realm of spiritual and theological studies carries you further towards the truth and wisdom illuminated by divine light.
Inspired and authored by,
Ibrahim Suleiman
October 3, 2023
