Comprehensive Definition
Al-ʿAdl (العدل) translates to “The Just” and is one of the ninety-nine names of Allah in Islam, symbolizing divine justice and fairness. Al-ʿAdl epitomizes the absolute and perfect justice of the Almighty, ensuring every individual gets their due right without favoritism or prejudice.
Etymology
The term “ʿAdl” (عَدْل) originates from the Arabic triliteral root ‘ʿA-D-L’, which encompasses meanings related to justice, fairness, and balance. This root conveys the core notion of ensuring equilibrium and rightful conduct.
Background
Although “Al-ʿAdl” as an attribute does not explicitly appear in the Qurʾān, it is entrenched in Hadith literature, specifically noted in the Mishkāt (book x). The name reflects the inherent justice of Allah and serves as a guiding principle for Muslims to emulate fairness in their lives.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
In a multicultural context, the concept of divine justice is not unique to Islam. For example:
- Judaism recognizes God as just and fair, with the Talmud and Torah emphasizing divine justice and righteousness.
- Christianity similarly portrays God as just in His judgment and merciful through Jesus Christ.
- Hinduism speaks of ‘Dharma,’ which reflects similar principles of righteousness and cosmic order.
While these religions share the core idea of divine justice, interpretations and practices can differ based on theological foundations.
Synonyms
- Just (المنصف - Al-Munṣif)
- Fair (القسطاس - Al-Qiṣṭās)
- Equitable (المستقيم - Al-Mustaqīm)
Antonyms
- Injustice (الظلم - Al-Ẓulm)
- Oppression (القهر - Al-Qahr)
- Bias (التحيز - Al-Taḥayyuz)
Related Terms with Definitions
- Qisṭ (قسط): Refers to balance, partiality, or justice.
- ʿAdālah (عدالة): Broad concept encompassing justice, equity, and fairness.
- Iḥsān (إحسان): Doing good, going beyond justice to enact kindness and charity.
Exciting Facts
- Ninety-Nine Names of Allah: Al-ʿAdl is one among the cherished Asma’ul Husna (الاسماء الحسنى), the ninety-nine beautiful names which give insight into Allah’s attributes.
- Application in Law: Islamic jurisprudence (Sharia) employs principles of Al-ʿAdl to guide rulings, emphasizing the necessity of justice in every decision.
- Historical Figures: Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab was renowned for his adherence to justice, embodying the essence of Al-ʿAdl in governance.
Quotations from Notable Writers
“Justice is a divine command, extracting from the depths of equity, we are to emulate Al-ʿAdl.” - Jamal al-Ghazzali
References and Suggested Literature
- “The Ninety-Nine Beautiful Names of Allah” by Abulḥasan Nadwi
- “The Scale of Divine Justice in Islam” by Harith Al-Kindi
- “Islamic Jurisprudence: Justice and Equality” by Amina Wadud
Quiz Section
May this exploration of Al-ʿAdl inspire you to seek and uphold justice in all aspects of your life, reflecting the divine attribute in everyday actions.
Farewell with these guiding words:
Be the embodiment of divine justice in the sphere where your influence lies. - Omar Tariq
Happy learning and reflecting! 🌺
