Definition
AL-ʿILMU ʾL-YAQĪN (العلم اليقين) refers to a concept in Islamic theology that encapsulates the idea of certain knowledge. This term is derived from Islamic epistemology and is used to indicate a form of knowledge that is definitive and beyond any doubt.
Etymology
The term consists of two key Arabic words:
- ʿIlm (علم): Meaning “knowledge”
- Yaqīn (يقين): Meaning “certainty”
Put together, AL-ʿILMU ʾL-YAQĪN implies a knowledge that is certain and unquestionable.
Background
In Islamic theology, knowledge is essential, and the highest form of knowledge is that which is absolutely certain. AL-ʿILMU ʾL-YAQĪN is referenced in the Qurʾān and Hadith as an ideal form of understanding, representing a clear, unwavering grasp of divine truths.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
In Islamic tradition, certain knowledge is greatly valued, paralleling ideas in other religious and philosophical systems such as the concept of “episteme” in Greek philosophy, which also emphasizes scientific or certain knowledge. However, unlike purely empirical systems, Islamic certain knowledge intricately weaves in faith and divine revelation.
Synonyms
- Qatʿ (قطع): Literal meaning is “cutting” but metaphorically used for decisiveness or conclusive evidence.
- Tawaqquf (توقف): Often used to mean cessation, but in some contexts indicating refraining from doubt.
Antonyms
- Shaqq (شكك): Doubt
- Shubha (شبهة): Suspicion or ambiguity
Related Terms with Definitions
- ʿIlm (علم): General knowledge or science.
- Iman (إيمان): Faith or belief.
- Haq (حق): Truth.
Exciting Facts
- AL-ʿILMU ʾL-YAQĪN is often connected with Sufi mystical teachings that emphasize direct experiential knowledge of God.
- The concept underscores not just intellectual assertion but also an experiential aspect whereby faith in God becomes evident in one’s life.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- “O my Lord! Increase me in knowledge.” - Holy Quran, Surah Ta-Ha (20:114)
- “Indeed! This (Qur’an) is a certain knowledge.” - Holy Quran, Surah al-Haqqah (69:51)
References
- The Quran, Al-Haqqah 69:51
- Al-Ghazali, The Revival of the Religious Sciences
- The Hadith collections of Sahih Bukhari and Muslim
Suggested Literature and Other Sources
- Al-Ghazali’s “The Revival of the Religious Sciences” (“Ihya Ulum al-Din”): This dives deeply into the Islamic approach to knowledge and certainty.
- Iqbal’s “The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam”: A modern take on Islamic philosophy that discusses knowledge and certainty.
- Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. “Islamic Philosophy from Its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy.”
Inspirational Thought-Provoking Farewell
As we engage with the profound depths of AL-ʿILMU ʾL-YAQĪN, we embark on a journey to transcend mere belief, allowing our faith to evolve into certain knowledge. May our pursuit of such understanding enrich our souls and bring divine truths into clear perspective.
Quizzes
— Amina Al-Fahad, October 4, 2023,
“Explore, question, and ascend to the ultimate certainty—such is the path of the seeker.”
