Definition
ASH-SHUʿARĀʾ (الشعراء), translated as “The Poets,” is the title of the 26th Sūrah (chapter) of the Qurʾān. This Sūrah emphasizes moral and spiritual guidance, particularly addressing the influence of poets who lead people astray with their words.
Etymology
The arabic word “ASH-SHUʿARĀʾ” (الشعراء) comes from “sha‘ir” (شعر), meaning “poet” in Arabic. The root “sha‘r” signifies perception or sensation, linking poets to those who keenly perceive and express.
Background
ASH-SHUʿARĀʾ was revealed during the Meccan period, a time when poetry was highly esteemed in Arabian society. The Meccans revered poets for their eloquence and influence, often using their verses to uphold tribal pride and social norms. The Sūrah critiques those poets whose verses promote immorality, idolatry, and falsehood, offering a stark contrast to Divinely inspired revelation.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
🕌 Arab Culture:
- Poetry was the backbone of pre-Islamic Arabian culture.
- Poets were akin to social commentators or influencers of their time.
- Poetry could solidify tribal prestige and influence social values.
📜 Global Context:
- Across cultures, poets have historically been regarded as seers, rebels, or communal leaders.
- Similar literary critiques exist in other spiritual and philosophical traditions.
Synonyms
- Shaʿir: Another Arabic term for poet (شاعر).
- Kāhin: Soothsayer or seer, though different from a poet, often attributed similar societal influence in pre-Islamic times.
Antonyms
- Ṣādiq: A truthful or sincere person (صادق).
- Rasūl: Messenger or prophet (رسول).
Related Terms with Definitions
- Qasīdah (قصيدة): A form of Arabic poetic ode, often used to praise or lament.
- Jāhiliyyah (جاهلية): The “Age of Ignorance,” referring to pre-Islamic Arabian society and its customs.
- Fāṣiq (فاسق): A morally corrupt or sinful person.
- Waḥy (وحي): Divine revelation.
Exciting Facts
📚 The Sūrah is divided into 227 Ayāt (verses), wherein the narratives of different prophets are juxtaposed with the condemnations of misguided poets.
📜 Pre-Islamic poets whose work survives today, such as Imru’ al-Qays, are often celebrated for their craftsmanship but were critiqued by early Muslims for their moral content.
Quotations from Notable Writers
“Ash-Shuʿarāʾ stands as a poignant reminder that words, artfully constructed, can either lead humanity towards deeper understanding or fare them far afield from truth.” — Farah Malik
References
- “The Holy Qur’an: Translation and Commentary” by Abdullah Yusuf Ali
- “Arabic Poetry: Trajectories of Modernity and Tradition” by Muhsin al-Musawi
- “The Qur’an and Its Interpreters” by Mahmoud Ayoub
Suggested Literature and Other Sources for Further Study
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Books:
- “Approaching the Qur’án: The Early Revelations” by Michael Sells
- “An Anthology of Islamic Literature, from the Rise of Islam to Modern Times” by James Kritzeck
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Articles:
- “Poetry and Prophecy: The Word in Islamic Art and Literature,” found in Journal of Arabic Literature.
Inspirational Thought-Provoking Farewell
In understanding the profound critiques presented in Ash-Shuʿarāʾ, we realize the boundless potency and responsibility entailed in the artful expression of words. As you ponder these verses, may it remind you of the everlasting impact of truth and sincerity over mere eloquence.
