Definition
Bilqīs (بلقيس) is known as the Queen of Sheba, particularly within the Islamic tradition. She is a revered figure who is mentioned in the Qurʾān in the context of her visit to Prophet Solomon (Sulayman in Arabic), narrating a story of wisdom, faith, and unity.
Etymology
The name Bilqīs has its roots in the Arabic language, and its etymology is somewhat obscure, reflecting an ancient and revered heritage. The name can be pronounced differently based on dialectical differences.
Background
Bilqīs is highlighted in the Qurʾān primarily in Surah An-Naml (27:20-44), where the story focuses on her intelligence, spiritual openness, and ultimate submission to God’s will. The account begins with Prophet Solomon receiving a report from a hoopoe (hud-hud) bird about the prosperous and sun-worshipping kingdom of Sheba, governed by a wise and affluent queen. Admired for her wisdom and demeanor, Bilqīs’ eventual meeting and subsequent acceptance of Solomon’s faith underscores themes of monotheism, wisdom, and the unity of people under one divine truth.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
In Islamic Tradition:
- Bilqīs is portrayed as a figure of great intelligence and dignity, whose story is canonical in Islamic teachings.
In Judeo-Christian Tradition:
- The Queen of Sheba is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (1 Kings 10:1-13) and the Christian Bible, where her visit to King Solomon includes the exchange of gifts and wisdom.
In Ethiopian Tradition:
- She is celebrated as Makeda, a foundational figure in Ethiopian history. The narrative, described in the Kebra Nagast, attributes the lineage of the Ethiopian kings to her union with Solomon.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Synonyms:
- Queen of Sheba
- Makeda (Ethiopian Tradition)
Antonyms:
- Although there are no direct antonyms, any figure representing ignorance, resistance to wisdom, or deviancy from monotheism may be seen as an ideological contrast.
Related Terms with Definitions
- Solomon (Sulayman): A prophet and king known for his wisdom, who plays a pivotal role in the story of Bilqīs.
- Sheba (Sabaʾ): An ancient kingdom, renowned for its prosperity and trade, often identified with modern-day Yemen or Ethiopia.
- Hud-hud (Hoopoe): The bird that brings news of Sheba to Solomon, initiating the queen’s journey.
Exciting Facts
- Bilqīs’s throne is renowned for its magnificence; Solomon’s ability to have it transported to his court instantly is a renowned miracle.
- Many scholars speculate different historical locations for Sheba, contributing to ongoing archaeological and historical interest.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- “Indeed, I found a woman ruling them, and she has been given of all things, and she has a great throne.” - Qurʾān, Surah An-Naml (27:23)
- “And he [Solomon] said: O chiefs! Which of you will bring me her throne before they come to me surrendering as Muslims?” - Qurʾān, Surah An-Naml (27:38)
References
- The Qurʾān, Surah An-Naml (27:20-44)
- The Book of Kings (1 Kings 10:1-13) in the Hebrew Bible
- The Kebra Nagast, Ethiopian Historical Text
Suggested Literature and Further Studies
- “Prophets and Kings in Islamic and Hebrew Traditions” by Fethi Ahmed
- “The Queen of Sheba: Legend, History and Art” by Kathryn Bard
- “Wisdom of Solomon: Comparative Religious Insights” by Ali Asghar
Quizzes
May the timeless stories of wisdom and faith keep enlightening our paths and may curiosity continuously guide us towards knowledge.
