Definition: Carpets, especially intricate pile and flat-woven kinds, are textile floor coverings made by interlacing threads or yarns of wool, silk, or synthetic fibers. These are prominently found in Islamic cultures ranging from Morocco in the west to Western China in the east, recognized for their detailed patterns and storytelling aspects.
Etymology: The word “carpet” derives from the Old Italian term carpita, which means “to pluck” or “to card.” Its usage in English can be traced back to the Middle Ages.
Background and Historical Facts: Carpet weaving boasts a profound cultural significance and has been practiced since ancient times in various regions of the Islamic world, particularly:
Key Historical Regions:
- Anatolia (Turkey): Known for its distinctive geometric patterns and use of bold, vibrant colors.
- Iran (Persia): Famous for intricate designs and high-quality silk carpets, historically known as Persian carpets.
- Transcaucasia: Highlighted by its unique mix of motifs influenced by various civilizations that have traversed this region.
- Turkic Central Asia: Notable for tribal motifs and symbols reflecting nomadic lifestyle.
Key Historical Dates:
- 2nd Millennium BCE: Earliest evidence of carpet making found in Susa, Iran.
- 13th Century: Marco Polo documents the splendor of Persian carpets during his travels.
- 16th Century: Golden age of Persian carpet design during the Safavid dynasty.
Cultural Differences and Similarities: Each region within the Islamic world boasts its distinct aesthetic yet shares thematic elements such as:
- Symbolism of Designs: Reflecting beliefs, historical events, and natural surroundings.
- Functionality: From utilitarian floor coverings to prayer rugs (Sajjadah), carpets are woven into daily and religious life.
Synonyms and Related Terms:
- Rug: A term often used interchangeably with carpets.
- Sajjadah: A prayer rug used by Muslims during their daily prayers.
- Kilims: Flat-woven carpets, traditional to Anatolia and surrounding regions.
Translations of “Carpets”:
- Arabic: سجادة (plural: سجاد)
- Persian: فرش (Farsh)
- Turkish: Halı
- Urdu: قالین (Qaleen)
- Indonesian: Karpet
Exciting Facts:
- Pazyryk Carpet: The oldest known pile carpet dating back to the 5th century BCE, found in Siberia.
- World’s Largest Carpet: Installed in Sheikh Zayed Mosque in Abu Dhabi, spanning 60,546 square feet.
Quotations from Notable Writers:
- “The world is a carpet for the feet of God’s friends.” — Unknown Sufi Mystic
- “A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and in the souls of its people.” — Mahatma Gandhi
Suggested Literature and Sources for Further Studies:
- “Carpets and Rugs of Medieval Europe” by Friedrich Spuhler
- “Carpets: The Art of Atlas Weaving” by Anna Beson
- “The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent” edited by Esin Atil
Quiz Time!
Discover the timeless beauty and intricate history icons representing entire eras of cultural evolution. Dive deeper into the world of carpets, which don’t merely adorn the floors but indeed weave the fabric of Islamic life and tradition. Until next time, as soft as the wool under your feet, keep exploring the rich threads of Islamic history and culture. 🌟
Amina Al-Fahad
October 3, 2023
