Definition
Celibacy, known in Arabic as ʿUzūbah (عزوبيّة), refers to the state of abstaining from marriage and sexual relationships, often for religious or spiritual reasons. In Islam, celibacy is acknowledged but viewed as a lower form of life compared to the married state, following the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
Etymology
The Arabic term ʿUzūbah (عزوبيّة) derives from the root word “ʿAzb,” which conveys meanings related to being single, abstinent, or chaste. The word encapsulates the choice or necessity of living without a spouse.
Background
The notion of celibacy in Islam is historically contextualized within the actions and teachings of Prophet Muhammad. It is recorded that an associate of the Prophet, ʿUs̤mān ibn Maz̤ʿūn, sought to live a celibate life. In response, the Prophet reportedly disapproved and stated, “When a Muslim marries, he perfects his religion.” This quote, found in Mishkāt al-Maṣābīh, book xii., c. xx, underscores the preference for marriage within Islamic teachings.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
In comparison to other faiths, such as Catholicism, wherein celibacy is esteemed for clergy, Islam values marriage highly for fulfilling religious duties, family continuation, and spiritual completeness. However, both traditions recognize celibacy for its spiritual discipline, even if to varying extents.
- In Buddhism and Hinduism, celibacy is often associated with monastic life and spiritual advancement.
- In Western cultures, celibacy may be seen in a secular context as a personal choice without necessarily spiritual or religious connotations.
Synonyms
- Chastity
- Abstinence
- Singleness
Antonyms
- Marriage
- Matrimony
- Conjugality
Related Terms with Definitions
- Nikah (نِكَاح): An Islamic marriage contract between spouses.
- Sawm (صَوْم): Fasting during the month of Ramadan, reflecting self-discipline and spiritual devotion.
- Ibadah (عِبَادَة): Worship and acts of devotion in Islam, encompassing various forms such as prayer and charity.
Exciting Facts
- Significance of Marriage: Marriage in Islam is considered to fulfill not just social and personal needs but forms half of one’s faith.
- Community Perspective: The Muslim community often helps individuals find suitable marriage partners through family and social networks.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- “When a Muslim marries, he perfects his religion.” — Mishkāt al-Maṣābīh, from Prophet Muhammad.
- “Celibacy is a lonely and unenviable life for Muslims, except when necessary. Marriage promotes mutual support in producing righteous offspring.” — Sayyid Abul A’la Maududi, Muslim theologian and philosopher.
References
- Mishkāt al-Maṣābīh, book xii.
- Maududi, Sayyid Abul A’la. “Islam: The Choice of Thinking Women.”
- Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. “Islamic Life and Thought.”
Suggested Literature and Further Sources
- “Marriage and Morals in Islam” by Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi.
- “The Role of Celibacy in Culture and Spiritual Traditions” by Wahiduddin Khan.
- “Women and Family in Contemporary Muslim Societies” edited by Nafis Sadik.
- “Islam: A Short History” by Karen Armstrong.
Quizzes
“Understanding the place and significance of each lifestyle and practice within one’s faith provides a deeper connection to spiritual beliefs and societal roles.”
— Amina Al-Fahad, 2023
