🌿 Envy: Understanding Ḥasad (حسد) in Islamic Contexts
Definition and Etymology
Envy, known as Ḥasad (حسد) in Arabic, is the feeling of discontent or covetousness with regard to another’s advantages, success, possessions, etc. The term is derived from the Arabic root “ḥ-s-d,” which signifies ill will or the desire to see others deprived of their good fortune.
Occurrences in the Qurʾān
The concept of Ḥasad appears explicitly in the Qurʾān:
- Sūrah Al-Baqarah (2:103): “Many of those who have the Book would fain turn you again into unbelievers, even after ye have once believed, and that through envy.”
- Sūrah Al-Falaq (113:5): “I seek refuge … from the evil of the envious when he envies.”
These verses underscore the destructive power of envy and the need to seek protection against it.
Background and Significance
In Islamic ethics, Ḥasad is considered a grave spiritual ailment. It is believed to corrode individual character and disrupt social harmony. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is reported to have said: “Beware of envy, for it devours good deeds like fire devours wood.”
Cultural Context
While the concept of envy is universal, its articulation and perceived severity vary by culture:
- Islamic View: Envy is seen as morally corrosive and spiritually damaging. The person who envies is advised to focus on self-improvement and gratitude.
- Western Perspective: Often discussed in terms of “keeping up with the Joneses,” envy in Western cultures can be both a motivating factor and a social ill.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Synonyms: Jealousy, covetousness, resentment
Antonyms: Contentment, satisfaction, goodwill
Related Terms
- Ghibtah: A positive form of envy, where one desires similar blessings without wishing the other person to lose theirs.
- Ayn (عين): The evil eye; a malicious gaze believed to cause harm, sometimes related to envy.
Engaging Facts
- The Qurʾān and Hadith literature provide various guidelines to combat envy, such as promoting a culture of gratitude and humility.
- The concept of Ghibtah encourages healthy competition and personal growth.
Quotations
“The envious one does not realize that they burn themselves first before they reach their target.” – Islamic Proverb
References and Further Readings
- The Qurʾān: Explore translations and commentaries by reputed scholars.
- Hadith Collections: Works like Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim contain references to envy and its effects.
- Books:
- “Purification of the Heart” by Hamza Yusuf
- “The Content of Character” by Shaykh al-Amin Ali Mazrui
Embarking on this journey through the ethical and spiritual landscapes of Islamic teachings on envy has provided profound insights. By examining the Qurʾān and Hadith, we unveil the importance of combating envy through internal peace, gratitude, and community harmony.
Till our paths cross again, remember: “True wealth is contentment with a little.” — Amina Al-Fahad, October 3, 2023
