Hanif - Definition and Meaning
Comprehensive Definition:
Hanif refers to an individual who is completely upright and unwavering in all aspects of life, adhering strictly to the essence of monotheism, sincerity, and absolute submission and obedience to God. This concept was epitomized by the Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim in Arabic), who is seen as a paragon of pure monotheistic belief, and forms the foundation of the upright path (al-din al-qayyim) of Islam, which Muslims believe to be the inherent, primordial goodness (fit-rah) instilled in all humanity.
Etymology:
The term hanif is derived from the Arabic root “ḥ-n-f” (ح-ن-ف), which connotes inclining towards righteousness. This root reflects the core characteristics associated with being a Hanif: inclining towards monotheism and uprightness.
Background:
The notion of the Hanif existed prior to the advent of Islam, particularly in the context of those who sought a monotheistic faith outside the confines of Judaism and Christianity. The term served to identify pious individuals who devoted themselves to a strictly monotheistic practice without affiliating with these established religious groups.
Historical Facts and Dates:
- Pre-Islamic Era: The concept of Hanif was present among the Arabs as a descriptor for individuals who practiced monotheism in a predominantly polytheistic environment.
- Prophet Abraham: Regarded in Islamic tradition as the ultimate Hanif, Prophet Abraham is celebrated for his unwavering faith in the One God.
Cultural Differences and Similarities:
- Islamic Tradition: In Islam, being a Hanif means following the “millat Ibrahim” (faith of Abraham) by maintaining pure monotheism and avoiding any form of shirk (polytheism).
- Judaism and Christianity: While both religions revere Abraham, the specific term “Hanif” is not used. However, their recognition of Abraham as a monotheist aligns with the concept.
Synonyms and Related Terms:
- Synonyms: Monotheist, True believer, Unsubscribed believer (in pre-Islamic context)
- Antonyms: Polytheist, Idolater, Sectarian
- Related Terms: fit-rah (inherent human goodness), al-din al-qayyim (the upright path), millat Ibrahim (faith of Abraham)
Exciting Facts:
- The term Hanif was known and respected among pre-Islamic Arab tribes, long before Prophet Muhammad’s mission.
- Hanif is mentioned in the Quran multiple times in the context of Abraham and mid-century Islamic revivalist movements.
Quotations from Notable Writers:
- “Verily, Abraham was a Hanif, a man of pure faith, who submitted his will wholly to God.” - [Qur’an 3:67]
- “A true Hanif, like Abraham, walks a singular path of devotion that transcends divided creeds.” - Ibn Khaldun
Suggested Literature and Other Sources:
- “Islam: The Basics” by Colin Turner
- “Milestones” by Sayyid Qutb
- “The Quran” - Translation and Commentary by Abdullah Yusuf Ali
- “Beyond Religion: Ethics for a Whole World” by Dalai Lama (for comparative perspectives on human values and monotheistic beliefs)
Until Next Time: May the virtue of being true to ourselves lead us to uprightness and purity in belief and action much like Hanif. Keep the essence of natural goodness (fit-rah) alive in every step of your journey.
📅 Mark your calendar for our next spotlight on an illuminating concept of Islam!
- Fatima Al-Maktoum
