Comprehensive Definition
Hasan al-Banna (Arabic: ΨΨ³Ω Ψ§ΩΨ¨ΩΨ§β, 1906β1949), an Egyptian schoolteacher, and Islamic leader, is best known as the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (Jama’at al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun). Founded in 1928, the Muslim Brotherhood aimed to promote Islamic values and foster a sense of unity among Muslims. Al-Banna emphasized a holistic approach, proclaiming Islam as a comprehensive system governing all aspects of life.
Etymology and Background
The epithet al-Banna means “the builder,” denoting his constructive approach to sociopolitical activism. Hasan combined his roles as an educator and spiritual guide, laying the ideological frameworks and practical steps for modern Islamic movements.
Historical Facts and Dates
- 1906: Born in Mahmoudiyah, Egypt.
- 1928: Founded the Muslim Brotherhood.
- 1933: Transformed the movement into an explicitly political one.
- 1949: Assassinated by Egyptian secret police in February.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Al-Banna’s ideas about Islamic unity often intersected with broader Arab nationalist themes but remained distinct in his rejection of secularism. He emphasized that Muslims worldwide comprise a singular community or Ummah, transcending national borders. His model of Islam was synthesized from both traditional and reformist Islamic thoughts, making him resonate strongly with diverse Muslim communities.
Synonyms and Related Terms
- Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan): The organization founded by Hasan al-Banna.
- Ikhwanis: Adherents and supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood.
- Islamic Social Justice: A principle strongly advocated by al-Banna.
- Jihad: Despite its different interpretations, al-Banna stressed individual over collective obligation.
Interesting Facts
- Al-Banna was also a prolific writer and initiated numerous Muslim educational institutions.
- Established a publishing house producing significant works including Muhammad Rashid Ridaβs journal Al-Manar.
Quotation
“The success of the Muslim Brotherhood lies in its adherence to the core principles of Islam, making our faith an all-encompassing guide for public and private life.” β Hasan al-Banna.
Suggested Literature
- “Hasan al-Banna: The Imam and the Community Organizer” by Tariq Ramadan
- “The Muslim Brotherhood: Evolution of an Islamist Movement” by Carrie Rosefsky Wickham
- “The Society of the Muslim Brothers” by Richard P. Mitchell
Further Studies
- “The Roots of the Egyptian Islamic Movement” by Abdallah Schlein
- “Call to the Community: al-Banna’s Vision of Islamic Activism” in Harvard Theological Review, 2005.
Inspirational note: “The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. Like Hasan al-Banna, let your vision lead with unwavering faith and determination.”
Farewell note: May the study of influential figures like Hasan al-Banna inspire you toward greater understanding of the intersection between faith and societal change.
