HIBAH (هبة)
Hibah (هبة), pronounced “hee-bah,” is an Arabic term that signifies a deed of gift in Islamic law. It refers to the legal transfer of property from one person to another without any consideration or recompense in return. This act of giving is done out of generosity and benevolence and is immediate and unconditional.
Etymology and Background
The word “Hibah” originates from the root verb “wahaba” (وهب), meaning “to give” or “to gift.” This term is recurring in various contexts within the Qurʾān, emphasizing the significance of generosity and charity in Islam.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Islamic Culture: In Islam, Hibah plays a critical role in charity and wealth distribution. Acts of Hibah are highly encouraged as they foster a sense of community and aid. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasized the virtues of giving and the importance of aiding those in need.
Similar Traditions:
- Donatio (Roman Law): Similar to Hibah, Roman law included the concept of “Donatio,” an act of giving without receiving anything in return.
- Gifts in Hindu Culture: ‘Dan’ or gift-giving in Hinduism holds religious significance similar to Hibah, promoting generosity.
- Western Culture: Comparable to presents and donations, though often accompanied by considerations or occasions like birthdays or charities.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Synonyms:
- Gift
- Present
- Donation
- Endowment
Antonyms:
- Sale
- Purchase
- Trade
- Exchange
Related Terms with Definitions
- Sadaqah (صدقة): Voluntary charity given to achieve spiritual reward.
- Zakat (زكاة): Obligatory almsgiving, one of the five pillars of Islam.
- Waqf (وقف): Charitable endowment in Islamic law, typically in the form of property or land.
Exciting Facts
- Hibah can be part of estate planning in Islamic law, allowing individuals to distribute their property while alive and potentially avoid disputes after their passing.
- Unlike Hibah, ‘Wassiyah’ (will) can only be given to non-heirs and should not exceed one-third of the estate.
Quotations from Notable Writers
“The practice of giving Hibah is a beautiful manifestation of compassion and selflessness, reflecting the true spirit of Islamic generosity.” — Ameenah Mohammed, Islamic Scholar.
References & Suggested Literature
- “The Law of Gifts in Islamic Jurisprudence” by Ali Ghandour.
- “Muḥammadan Law: Its Concepts and Functions” by Saleem Ahmed.
- “Islamic Law and Property Rights: Theory and Practice” by Yasmin Rahman.
Farewell Note
As we close our exploration of Hibah, may the spirit of generosity and altruism continue to inspire and guide us in our daily lives. Remember, the act of giving is more than a transaction; it’s a reflection of our shared humanity. 🌟💖
Quizzes on Hibah (هبة)
Publication Information:
Title: 🎁 Understanding HIBAH (هبة): The Islamic Tradition of Giving
Author: Sahar Nadeem
Date: 2023-10-03
