Comprehensive Definition
Hizb Allah (Lebanon) - Often referred to as Hezbollah, is a political and social movement deeply entwined with the Shii Muslim community. Founded in the early 1980s amidst the Lebanese Civil War, it sought to create an Islamic state in Lebanon and is widely supported by Shii clans in the Bekaa Valley and displaced Shii populations in southern Beirut. Known for its prominence in Lebanese politics and its militant resistance against Israeli and Western presence, Hizb Allah has had a profound influence on the region.
Etymology
The term “Hizb Allah” translates to “Party of God” (ΨΨ²Ψ¨ Ψ§ΩΩΩ) from Arabic, wherein ΨΨ²Ψ¨ (Hizb) means party and Ψ§ΩΩΩ (Allah) stands for God. This nomenclature underscores the movement’s religious and divine mission as perceived by its members and supporters.
Background and Historical Facts
- Founded: Early 1980s, in the aftermath of the Lebanese Civil War and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.
- Spiritual Leader: Shaykh Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah, though he held no formal office within the party.
- Declared Jihad: In 1985 against American, French, and Israeli presence.
- Major Political Force: By the late 1980s, significantly influencing Lebanese politics.
- Parliamentary Participation: Began participating in elections from 1992, notably sweeping the Shii vote.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Hizb Allah shares cultural and religious elements with other Shii movements around the world but is unique in its localized Lebanese context:
- Shi’ism: Strong connection to the global Shii community and alignment with Iran in terms of ideology and support.
- Lebanese Nationalism: Intertwines its Islamist agenda with a strong sense of Lebanese nationalism, especially in its opposition to Israeli presence.
Synonyms, Antonyms, and Related Terms
- Synonyms: Hezbollah, Party of God.
- Antonyms: Druze Militia, Lebanese Phalanges, Israeli Defense Forces.
- Related Terms: AMAL Movement, Islamic Jihad, Lebanese Civil War, Israeli Occupation of Lebanon.
Exciting Facts
- Television Network: Operates Al-Manar, a major satellite television station broadcasting across the Arab world.
- Social Services: Provides extensive social services, including healthcare and education, garnering significant grassroots support.
Quotations
“Hezbollah’s impact on the political and social fabric of Lebanon is profound β blending religious ideology with tactical pragmatism.” - Khaled Abou El Fadl
Suggested Literature for Further Study
- ‘Hezbollah: A Short History’ by Augustus Richard Norton
- ‘Resistance: The Essence of the Islamist Revolution’ by Alastair Crooke
Inspirational Thought
“In diversity, there is strength. Understanding the multifaceted nature of movements like Hizb Allah pushes us towards a more nuanced grasp of history and human ambition.”
Farewell.
