Comprehensive Definition
ʿILMU ʾL-ASMĀʾ (علم الاسماء)
ʿILMU ʾL-ASMĀʾ, derived from Arabic “علم” (knowledge) and “الأسماء” (the names), refers to the sacred knowledge or study of the names, titles, and attributes of Allah. This knowledge encompasses the deep understanding and veneration of the divine identities revealed in Islamic texts such as the Qurʾān and Sunnah.
Etymology
The term ʿILMU ʾL-ASMĀʾ (علم الاسماء) comprises:
- ʿILMU (علم): Meaning “knowledge” or “science”.
- ʾL-ASMĀʾ (الأسماء): Plural of “اسم” (name), meaning “the names”.
Hence, it translates to “the knowledge of the names.”
Background
In Islamic theology, Allah is believed to have 99 names, each representing a unique attribute of His essence. This concept is strongly intertwined with Tawhid, the fundamental Islamic belief in the oneness of God. The 99 names are often collectively referred to as Asmaʾ ul-Husna (أسماء الحسنى), the “Most Beautiful Names”.
Followers engage with these names as a means of deepening their understanding and connection with Allah. This practice is especially prevalent in Sufism, where the meditative repetition (zikr) of God’s names serves as a form of devotion and spiritual purification.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Similarities:
- Judaism and Christianity: The use of divine names and attributes is seen similarly in the Judaic tradition with the various names of YHWH, and in Christianity with titles like Jehovah and Almighty.
- Hinduism: The recitation of the various names of deities holds importance, akin to ʿILMU ʾL-ASMĀʾ in Islam.
Differences:
- Islam emphasizes the oneness of God (Tawhid), attributing all names to a single divine entity without division or hierarchy among them. Other religions might have multiple deities with distinct names and roles.
Synonyms
- Asmaʾ ul-Husna (أسماء الحسنى): The Most Beautiful Names.
- Divine Names: Another term for God’s attributes in various religious traditions.
Antonyms
- Neglect (إهمال): Disregarding the knowledge and significance of God’s names.
Related Terms with Definitions
- Tawhid (توحيد): The Islamic concept of monotheism, the oneness of God.
- Zikr (ذِكْر): Islamic devotional acts, often involving the repetition of God’s names.
- Sufism (التصوف): Islamic mysticism focusing on inner, personal faith and direct experience of Allah.
Exciting Facts
- Some believe that knowing all 99 names of Allah and using them in prayers can offer divine protection and blessings.
- Each name of Allah has its significance and, when invoked, aligns the devotee closer to the divine attribute it signifies.
Quotations from Notable Writers
“He is Allah, the Creator, the Originator, the Designer; His are the most beautiful names. Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.”
—Qurʾān (59:24)
“Refinement of the soul is through the refinement of God’s names within the heart.”
—Rumi
References
- The Qurʾān
- Hadith Collections: Particularly from sources such as Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
- “The Book of Realities of Divine Names” by Hakim al-Tirmidhi
Literature and Other Sources for Further Studies
- “99 Names of Allah: Meanings and Benefits” by Ibn Kathir
- “The Heart of Sufism: Essential Writings of Hazrat Inayat Khan”
- “The Divine Names: The 99 Healing Names of the One Love” by Rosina-Fawzia al-Rawi
Dear Seeker of Knowledge, understanding ʿILMU ʾL-ASMĀʾ (علم الاسماء) is a journey into the heart of divine wisdom. Each name is a thread that connects the believer to the tapestry of the divine presence. As you delve deeper, let your soul resonate with the heavenly echoes of these sacred names.
Blessings and Peace,
Aisha Al-Hassan
