📜 Comprehensive Definition
ʿILMU ʾT-TAJWĪD (علم التجويد), also known as ʿIlmu ʾl-Qirāʾah, is the science of correct articulation and pronunciation in the recitation of the Qurʾān. Tajwīd rules govern the vocal techniques required to recite each letter precisely as intended, maintaining the sacred accuracy and beauty of the Qurʾānic text. The ultimate goal of Tajwīd is to improve the reciter’s pronunciation to a level of excellence that reflects the true melodious and devotional nature of the Qurʾānic verses.
🌍 Etymology and Background
The term Tajwīd derives from the Arabic root j-w-d (جود), which means to improve or to make better. The word Tajwīd itself means “elocution” or “good articulation”. The practice has its roots in the very early revelations of Islam when Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) received the divine messages revealed by Angel Jibrīl (Gabriel) and instructed his followers to preserve its exact pronunciation and articulation.
📚 Cultural Differences and Similarities
While the principles of Tajwīd are universally acknowledged among all Muslims, the actual styles and melodic tones can vary regionally:
- Saudi Arabia and the broader Arabian Peninsula typically favor a more conservative, clear, and straightforward style.
- Egypt, particularly influenced due to its scholars and renowned reciters like Sheikh Abdul Basit, supports a more melodic and tempered recitation.
- Southeast Asia, including countries like Indonesia and Malaysia, exhibits styles that incorporate local musical influences. The unifying thread is the devotion to maintaining precise pronunciation and correct reading as per the established rules of Tajwīd.
↔️ Synonyms and Antonyms
Synonyms:
- ʿIlmu ʾl-Qirāʾah (علم القراءة): The science of reading
- Tartīl (ترتيل): Measured and rhythmic recitation
Antonyms:
- Tahrīf (تحريف): Distortion or incorrect recitation
- Laḥn (لحن): Solecism or mispronunciation
🕊️ Related Terms with Definitions
- Qirā’ah (قراءة): The concept or art of recitation of the Qurʾān.
- Tartil (ترتيل): Recitation in slow, measured, and melodious tones.
- Tafsir (تفسير): Commentaries and interpretations that elucidate Qurʾānic verses.
🏛️ Exciting Facts
- Al-Muqaddamatu ʾl-Jazarīyah: One of the most renowned works on Tajwīd, authored by the 14th-century scholar Sheikh Muhammad ibn al-Jazarī.
- Annual Competitions: Many countries host annual Tajwīd competitions to encourage the art of Qurʾānic recitation among both children and adults.
- Recitation Therapy: The melodic tones of Quranic recitation are considered therapeutically soothing, often used to calm and bring a sense of peace to the reciter and listener.
🖋️ Quotations from Notable Writers
“And recite the Qurʾān in slow, measured rhythmic tones.” - (Qurʾān, 73:4)
“The voice of the Qurʾān is indeed, the most delightful and soothing melody that opens the closed hearts and illuminates the souls with truth.” - Sheikh Abdul Basit
📖 Suggested Literature and Sources for Further Studies
- “Science of Tajweed” by Dr. Abdulmajid Khan.
- “Tajwīd: Art of Qurʾānic Recitation” by Muhammad Ayub Chaudhary.
- “al-Muqaddamatu ʾl-Jazarīyah” by Sheikh Muhammad ibn al-Jazarī.
- Tajwīd Teachings Course at Darul Uloom Institute
- “Hearts Turn: Sinners, Seekers, Saints & The Road to Redemption” by Michael Sugich
🧩 Quizzes on ʿILMU ʾT-TAJWĪD
Embrace the profoundly beautiful art of ʿIlmu ‘T-Tajwīd, enhancing both your connection with the Holy Qurʾān and your spiritual journey.
With faith and dedication,
Yusuf Al-Hariri 🌙
