Iqrar: A Mystical Experience
Definition and Meaning:
Iqrar is a term used within Islamic mysticism to denote the profound experience of a mystic (Sufi) when living outside of everyday reality and immersed within the mystical sensation of divine presence. It signifies a moment of complete emotional release and the pleasure derived from being united with God.
Etymology:
Iqrar (Arabic: إقرار) comes from the Arabic root q-r-r (ق-ر-ر), meaning to affirm or confirm. It emphasizes the establishment of oneself in a state of realization and acknowledgement by the Divine.
Background:
In Islamic mysticism, primarily within Sufism, iqrar describes a state where the individual transcends their ego and worldly affiliations, finding spiritual ecstasy and unity in the divine presence. Mystics often talk about iqrar as a point where they are affirmed by their established connection to God.
Historical Facts and Dates:
The concept of mystical experience in Islam dates back to early Sufi thinkers in the 8th and 9th centuries, such as Rabia al-Adawiyya and Al-Hallaj. However, the articulation of iqrar as a specific concept may trace to later Sufi poetry and writings where personal divine experiences were more explicitly expounded.
Cultural Differences and Similarities:
- Islamic cultures: Different Islamic cultures may use terms interchangeably with iqrar, but the underlying sentiment of mystical union remains a key feature in Sufi practices across geopolitical boundaries. For instance, Persians have expressions for similar mystical experiences in works of poets like Rumi and Hafez.
- Comparative Mysticism: Similar experiences of divine union and ecstasy are found in Christian mysticism (e.g., St. Teresa of Avila) and Hindu Bhakti traditions.
Synonyms:
- Wajd (وجد): A state of ecstasy or rapture in Sufism.
- Sukr (سكر): Spiritual intoxication.
- Ishq (عشق): Divine love.
Antonyms:
- Ghaflah (غفلة): Heedlessness or negligence of the divine.
- Nafs (نفس): Ego or self-desire which stands in contrast to selfless divine experience.
Related Terms:
- Dhikr (ذکر): Constant, repetitive chanting of God’s names to remain mindful of the divine.
- Fana’ (فناء): Annihilation of the self in the presence of God.
- Tawhid (توحيد): The concept of the oneness of God.
Exciting Facts:
- Sufi poets like Rumi and Hafez often infused their poetry with personal accounts that reflect iqrar, making their works timeless across cultures and epochs.
- The discussion of iqrar plays a significant role in understanding the spiritual psychology within Islamic mysticism.
Quotations:
- “Silence is the language of God, all else is poor translation.” – Rumi
- “Where there is ruin, there is hope for a treasure.” – Rumi
References and Suggested Literature:
- “The Mystics of Islam” by Reynold A. Nicholson
- “The Essential Rumi” translated by Coleman Barks
- “Touched with Fire: Five Poets of Islamic Spirituality” by KHW Lal
- “Mystical Dimensions of Islam” by Annemarie Schimmel
May your journey through Islamic mysticism unveil the sacred unity where the self dissolves, and only the divine remains.
- Fatima Al-Zahra
