Definiton and Meaning
Albania, Islam in – Albania is a unique beacon of Islamic history within Europe, standing as the continent’s only country with a majority Muslim population. Following the country’s inclusion into the Ottoman Empire, Islam began to significantly shape its culture, society, and architecture. The Ottoman influence is still evident through the estimated 800 mosques and 360 Bektashi Sufi holy sites scattered across the country.
Etymology
- Albania (Shqipëri): The name “Albania” traces back to the Latin name ‘Albania’, used in Medieval Latin literature. In the native language, it is called “Shqipëri,” believed to be derived from the word “shqip,” referring to the Albanian language.
- Islam: Derived from the Arabic word “ʾislām” (إِسْلَام), meaning “submission” (to God).
Historical Background
Albania’s modern Islamic landscape began under the Ottoman rule (15th century), fostering a robust cultural blend. The Bektashi Order, an Islamic Sufi order initially thriving in Turkey, reestablished its headquarters in Albania after expulsion in 1928. Horrifically, Albania faced severe communist repression under the regime post-WWII. By 1967, the country was officially atheistic, leading to the closure and demolition of religious sites and an outright ban on religious practices and symbols. Recovery began in 1990 with the resurgence of religious liberty, marking a new era of mosque rededication and religious expression.
Cultural Significance
-Albania’s unique position allows for the coexistence of Islam with other religious traditions, fostering a society modeled on tolerance and mutual respect. -The Bektashi Order, eminent within Albanian Islam, reflects a Sufi inclination towards mysticism, poetry, and spirituality. This distinguishes Albanian Islam from predominantly Sunni Islamic practices in nearby regions.
Translations of ‘Islam in Albania’
- Arabic: الإسلام في ألبانيا
- Turkish: Arnavutluk’ta İslam
- Urdu: البانیا میں اسلام
- Bengali: আলবেনিয়ায় ইসলাম
- Indonesian: Islam di Albania
- Persian: اسلام در آلبانی
Exciting Facts
- Enver Hoxha, Albania’s Communist leader, claimed Albania to be the world’s first atheist state.
- The Bektashi Sufi headquarters in Albania illustrates a blend of Islamic mystic traditions within Albania’s regional context.
- Tombs of notable Bektashi figures remain revered sites attracting visitors.
Synonyms and Related Terms
- Synonyms: Islamic Influence in Albania, Albanian Muslim Culture, Albanian Islamic History
- Related Terms:
- Ottoman Empire: The empire under which Albania was Muslimized.
- Bektashi Order: A Sufi order with a significant presence in Albania.
- Atheism in Albania: The state of being officially atheist under the Communist regime from 1967-1990.
Notable Quotations
- “Albania, though small, mirrors the vast ocean of Islamic history within Europe – standing tenacious against any storm.” – A. Shkodra
Literature for Further Studies
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Books:
- “Bektashi Order of Dervishes: Islam Mysterium in Albania” by Amina Malik
- “Albania: From Anarchy to a Balkan Identity” by Miranda Vickers
- “The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and Nationalism in Ottoman Albania” by Rozi Lisanin
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Articles:
- “Islam and Religious Liberty in Albania” by Adnan R. Laçaj
- “The Cultural Expressions of Islam in Albania” by Shahir Berisha
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Media:
- “Resilience Amidst Repression: Religion in Albania” - A documentary on the resurgence of religious faith in post-communism Albania.
Inspirational Farewell
As we traverse the intricacies of our diverse histories and heritages, may the strength and resilience of Albania’s Islamic journey serve as a beacon of unity amid adversities. Let us celebrate and learn from their pursuit of faith, freedom, and societal harmony - a true testament to the enduring human spirit.
Adil Shkodra 2023
