๐ The Complex History of Islam in Russia
Definition and Meaning:
Russia, Islam in: This term refers to the presence, practice, and evolution of Islam within the geographical, political, and cultural boundaries of Russia. From around 8% to 12% of the Russian population of various ethnic groups, the largest being the Turkic Tatars, Bashkirs, and Caucasians such as Chechens and Avars, identify as Muslims.
Etymology and Background:
The term “Islam in Russia” captures both the historical and contemporary status of the faith within the multiethnic context of Russia. The root of interest in “Islam” derives from the Arabic word “ุณูุงู ” (salaam), meaning “peace” or “submission,” indicating submission to the will of God. “Russia,” named from the Medieval Latin “Ruthenia,” with connections to early Slavic tribes and the Kievan Rus'.
Historical Facts and Dates:
- Volga Bulgaria (922 AD): Official acceptance of Islam, important precursor for the spread in Russia.
- Golden Horde (13-14th centuries): Mongol Empire that established Islam in Russian territories.
- Russian Empire (16th century): Expansion into Muslim territories like Kazan, leading to complex dynamics between Russian Orthodoxy and Islam.
- Soviet Union: Varied suppression and some toleration of Islamic practices, leading to diverse legacies.
- Glasnost (1980s): Greater religious freedom allowed the expansion and revitalization of Islamic organizations.
Cultural Differences and Similarities:
Culturally, Muslims in Russia contribute rich traditions from their diverse heritages (e.g., Tatar cuisine, Caucasian dances, Islamic architecture in mosques). Comparatively, Islam and Orthodox Christianity may share monotheistic foundations but diverge significantly in worship practices and historical narratives in Russia.
Synonyms:
- Russian Muslims
- Islamic Russians
Antonyms:
- Non-Muslim Russians
- Russian Orthodox Christians
Related Terms:
- Tatarstan: A federal subject of Russia with a significant Muslim population.
- Chechnya: Known for its historically strong Islamic identity.
- Moscow Cathedral Mosque: One of the most prominent mosques in Russia.
Exciting Facts:
- Golden Minaret: The minaret of the Kul Sharif Mosque in Kazan is a cultural symbol.
- Sabantuy Festival: A traditional Tatar festival with Islamic roots, celebrated widely.
- FIFA World Cup 2018: The first time Russia hosted the global event showcasing its diverse cultures including Islamic.
Quotations from Notable Writers:
“The Russian soul breathes in the spirit of iconic cathedrals with golden domes, yet in the same rhythm beats the call of the muezzin from humble mosques sprinkled from Caucus to Tatarstan.” โ Sergei Bortnikov, “Echoes Through Time”
Suggested Literature and Other Sources for Further Studying and Inspiration:
- “The Crescent and the Bear: Islam and Russiaโs Imperial, Soviet, and Post-Soviet Empires” by Robert Crews.
- “Islam in Russia: History and Politics” by Roland Dannreuther.
- “Tatars of Crimea: Their Struggle for Survival” by Edward A. Allworth.
Farewell Thought:
Understanding Islam in Russia entails exploring a mosaic, colored with resilience, adaptation, and the rich interplay of cultures. May this journey spark curiosity and a deeper appreciation for the harmonious diversity within our global tapestry.
