Definition
KHĀLIDŪN (خالدون) refers to the concept of perpetuity or eternity, often used within Islamic theology to describe the everlasting nature of the joys of heaven (Jannah) and the torments of hell (Jahannam). Derived from the root word “k͟hālid” (خالد), meaning “everlasting” or “eternal,” it repeatedly appears in the Qurʾān to depict the eternal state of the soul’s posthumous existence.
Etymology
The term KHĀLIDŪN begins with “k͟hālid” (خالد), meaning “eternal” or “everlasting.” It is a derivative of the root “kh-l-d” which relates to timelessness and perpetuity. The suffix “ūn” denotes the plural form, rendering the term as “those who are eternal” or “the everlasting ones.”
Background
In Islamic eschatology, the concept of eternity—whether it be heavenly bliss or hellish torment—underscores the permanence of divine justice and the moral seriousness of life in the dunya (the temporal world). KHĀLIDŪN is mentioned around fifty times in the Qurʾān, serving as a critical component of the warnings and promises communicated by Allah (God) to humanity. It illustrates the immeasurable durations that transcend human temporal understanding.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Similarities:
- Everlasting Life: The parallels with concepts of eternity are found in Christianity and Judaism, both of which also speak of eternal life in heaven and eternal damnation in hell.
- Moral Framework: Like many religious traditions, Islam uses the concept of eternal rewards and punishments to instill moral behavior and adherence to divine commandments.
Differences:
- Specificity in Scripture: The Qurʾān’s frequent mention of KHĀLIDŪN underscores the emphasis on exact knowledge regarding the afterlife. Although other religions may discuss eternity, the specificity in the Islamic texts is more pronounced and detailed.
- Cultural Impact: The emphasis in Islamic cultures ranges from artistic representations in architecture, such as the use of calligraphy to immortalize verses, to daily prayers that remind believers of their ultimate return to an eternal life.
Synonyms
- Eternity (اللانهائية)
- Perpetuity (الدوام)
- Immortality (الخلود)
Antonyms
- Temporal (زمني)
- Transient (عابر)
- Ephemeral (فاني)
Related Terms
- Jannah (الجنة): The garden of paradise, an eternal place of joy.
- Jahannam (جهنم): The hellfire, an eternal abode of torment.
- Akhira (الآخرة): The hereafter, denoting life after death.
Exciting Facts
Quotations from Notable Writers
- Ibn Kathir: “The mention of ‘KHĀLIDŪN’ serves as a reminder of the eternal consequence of our deeds—forever shall the believers rejoice in Jannah, and the wrongdoers be in regret in Jahannam.”
Literature for Further Studies
- “The Hereafter (Al Akhira) in Muslim Faith” by Muhammad Abdul-Rauf
- “Eschatology in Islam: A Qurʾānic Perspective” by Mahmoud Ayoub
Inspirational Farewell
Thus, KHĀLIDŪN (خالدون) encapsulates the profound and eternal perspective of Islam on the afterlife. As we explore these timeless concepts, let us reflect on their implications for our temporal existence and strive to align our actions with enduring truths.
Jamal Siddiqui
Embrace eternity with thoughtful actions today.
