Khul: Empowering Women through Islamic Divorce
Khul, sometimes spelled “khula” (Arabic: ุฎูุน), is an Islamic legal procedure allowing a woman to seek a divorce from her husband by compensating him, typically returning the mahr (dowry) given at the time of marriage. This provision offers women a measure of autonomy in marital relationships under Islamic law, acknowledging their rights and desires.
Etymology
The term “khul” or “khula” derives from the Arabic root “ุฎูุน” (kha-la-‘a), meaning “to remove” or “dissolution”, pointing to the action of removing the marital bond from the womanโs side.
Background and Historical Facts
Khul finds its origins in Qurสพฤnic verses and prophetic traditions (Hadith). One prominent example involves the case of Thabit ibn Qais’s wife, who approached the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to request a divorce, as she could not reconcile with him, though she acknowledged no fault in his character.
Key Dates:
- 7th Century CE: Emergence and recognition of Khul during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
- Modern Application: Khul is recognized and processed in various Islamic countries with differing legal and procedural requirements.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
- Arab World: Khul is widely accepted, often requiring judicial process; however, the husband’s consent may still be debated.
- South Asia: Khul is acknowledged in Shariah Courts, but social stigmas sometimes affect its application.
- Southeast Asia: Countries like Indonesia implement Khul with clear legal frameworks often mediated by religious courts.
- Western Muslim Communities: Khul is respected in Islamic legal systems and often facilitated by local Sharia councils or religious authorities.
Synonyms and Antonyms
- Synonyms: Female-initiated divorce, Mubarat (mutual divorce with agreement).
- Antonyms: Talaq (typically male-initiated divorce), reconciliation, marriage continuation.
Related Terms:
- Mahr: The dower paid by the husband to the wife upon marriage.
- Iddah: The waiting period a woman must observe after divorce.
- Talaq: A declaration of divorce usually pronounced by the husband in Islamic law.
Exciting Facts:
- Khul highlights the progressive aspect of Islamic jurisprudence, providing women with the right to seek their happiness and well-being.
- Various interpretations and applications of Khul demonstrate the diversity and adaptability of Islamic legal practices.
Quotations:
“The Prophet (PBUH) said, ‘If a woman came to seek khul and leaves all that her husband has given her, she should be permitted to do so.’” - Sahih Bukhari
Suggested Literature:
- “The Rights of Women in Islam” by Asghar Ali Engineer
- “Divorce in Islamic Law” by Muhammad Munir
- “The Family Structure in Islam” by Hammudah Abdalati
Translations:
- Arabic: ุฎูุน (khala’)
- Urdu: ุฎูุน
- Indonesian: Cerai Khul
- Persian: ุฎูุน (khala’)
- Bengali: เฆเงเฆฒเฆพ (khula)
May this deep understanding of Khul inspire equitable harmony and respect within marriages and empower women with knowledge of their rights.
Salaam, and may peace be upon you.
Zackariah Hasan, 2023-10-03
