Definition:
Murjīyah (مرجية), also known as Murjiʾah or “The Procrastinators,” is a theological sect within Islam that holds the unique belief that the judgment of sinners will be deferred until the Day of Resurrection. The sect postulates that disobedient believers with faith will not suffer ultimate condemnation, while also asserting that deeds are of secondary importance to faith intentions.
Etymology:
The term “Murjīyah” derives from the root Arabic word “ر ج ا” (rajā’), meaning “to defer” or “to postpone.” This term reflects their theological stance of postponing judgment for grievous sinners.
Historical Background:
The Murji’yah sect emerged during the early centuries of Islam, primarily around the Umayyad period. This was a time of significant theological and political divide, and the Murji’yah’s teachings provided a counterpoint to the more strict interpretations with regard to sinners and their ultimate fate.
Cultural Differences and Comparisons:
Theologically, Murji’yah stands in contrast to Kharijites (الخوارج) who maintained that a grave sinner ceases to be a believer and is to be judged harshly. Despite this stark difference, both groups existed concurrently, engaging in intellectual and sometimes violent confrontations over their divergent philosophical views.
Synonyms:
- The Procrastinators
- Deferred Judgment Advocates
Antonyms:
- Kharijites (الخوارج)
- Extremists
Related Terms:
- Kharijites: A strict sect within Islam that held any sin expels a believer from the faith.
- Qādirīyahs: A group emphasizing divine power and human free will.
- Jabarīyahs: A sect focusing on predestination and the idea that humans have no control over their actions.
Exciting Facts:
- Murji’yah’s belief inspired numerous theological debates and extensive literature during the Umayyad and Abbasid periods.
- They proposed that faith encompasses both belief in the heart and professing with the tongue, placing less emphasis on deeds.
- Murji’yah influenced Islamic jurisprudence by advocating for compassion and patience in administering justice.
Quotes from Notable Writers:
- Ibn Taymiyyah: “The Murji’yah teach a profound indifference to deeds, viewing intention as the quintessence of faith. Their philosophy brings a leniency unmatched by other schools of thought.”
- Al-Ghazali: “In their emphasis on hope and deferred judgment, the Murji’yah sect fosters an unparalleled mercy within the framework of Islam.”
References & Suggested Literature:
- “The Murji’te Doctrine: An Historical Exposition” by W. Montgomery Watt
- “Islamic Theology and Philosophy” edited by Michael E. Marmura
- “The Venture of Islam” by Marshall Hodgson
- “The Formation of Islam” by Jonathan P. Berkey
Quizzes:
Explore more profound retellings and studies of the diverse theological spectrum within Islam to broaden understanding and foster intercultural empathy and insight.
Peace and Knowledge,
Khalid Al-Salam
