Comprehensive Definition
Rajīm (رجيم) translates to “one who is stoned” or “the stoned one”. It is an epithet for Shaitan (Satan) in Islamic teachings, highlighting the rejection and condemnation of Satan by Allah and the faithful.
Etymology and Background
The term “Rajīm” derives from the Arabic root word “ra-ja-ma” (ر-ج-م), which means “to stone” or “to pelt with stones”. In the Islamic context, it signifies the casting away or rejection of Satan. The notion originates from the Qurʾān’s frequent association of Satan with trickery and malice, labeling him as expelled and ceremonially stoned.
Qurʾānic Mention
The title appears in various parts of the Qurʾān, notably in Sūrah Āl ʿImrān (iii:31):
“I have called her Mary, and I seek refuge in Thee for her and her seed from Satan, the pelted one (Rajīm).”
Cultural Practices
One of the most profound manifestations of this concept is during the Hajj pilgrimage. The ritual of Ramy al-Jamarat involves pilgrims throwing pebbles at three pillars, symbolizing the rejection of Satan. This act commemorates Abraham’s rejection of Satan during the trial involving his son, Ismail (Ishmael), when Satan attempted to dissuade him from obeying Allah’s command.
Conceptual Differences and Similarities
Similarities
- Abrahamic Roots: Like Christianity and Judaism, Islam considers Satan a fallen being who misguides humanity. Each tradition has its way of depicting Satan’s ultimate defeat.
Differences
- Purgatory vs. Stoning: While Christianity often focuses on concepts of sin and redemption, Islam embodies a more tangible ritual of rejecting evil symbolized through stoning.
Synonyms & Antonyms
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Synonyms:
- Shaitan (شيطان)
- Iblis (إبليس)
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Antonyms:
- Malaʾika (ملائكة) - Angels
Related Terms
1. Shaitan (شيطان)
Refers broadly to devils and demons, emphasizing the role of evil forces.
2. Iblis (إبليس)
Specifically names the leader of devils in Islamic theology.
3. Ramy al-Jamarat (رمي الجمرات)
The ritual throwing of stones at the pillars during Hajj.
Exciting Facts
- The ritual of stoning has been practiced by Muslims during Hajj for over 1,400 years, representing unity in repelling evil.
- The precise throwing of stones signifies believers’ dedication to prophetic tradition and resistance against malevolence.
Quotations from Notable Writers
- Ibn Kathir, a renowned Islamic scholar, states:
“Satan is the enduring enemy, and the casting of stones is a reminder of the believer’s duty to resist his whispers and deceptions.”
References
- Ibn Kathir, “Tafsir Ibn Kathir”
- The Holy Qurʾān, Interpretation of Sūrah Āl ʿImrān (iii:31)
Suggested Literature
- Sayyid Hossein Nasr, “The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary”
- Karen Armstrong, “Islam: A Short History”
- Martin Lings, “Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources”
Quizzes for Understanding
Explore these insightful aspects of Islamic tradition, inspired by the words of Khalil Gibran:
“Faith is a knowledge within the heart, beyond the reach of proof.”
Stay inspired and keep discovering the endless depths of faith and tradition.
Farewell with blessings, Zakiyah Al-Saeed
