Rifai Tariqah: An Overview
Definition and Meaning: The Rifai Tariqah is a Sunni Sufi order renowned for its significant role in the institutionalization of Sufism, particularly up until the fifteenth century. Its teachings stem from Ahmad ibn Ali al-Rifai (d. 1182), whose followers disseminated the spiritual path primarily beyond southern Iraq.
Etymology: The name “Rifai” derives from its founder Ahmad ibn Ali al-Rifai. The Arabic term “Tariqah” means “path” or “way,” indicative of a spiritual journey or order.
Historical Background: Ahmad ibn Ali al-Rifai, a prominent Sufi saint, established the Rifai Tariqah in the 12th century in southern Iraq. His disciples played a crucial role in broadening its influence. By the fifteenth century, it was recognized as the most prevalent Sufi order. New branches emerged, including the Badawi, Da-suqi, and Alwani Tariqahs.
Geographical Spread: The Rifai Tariqah is well-represented in Turkey, southeastern Europe, Egypt, Palestine, Syria, and Iraq, with expanding influence in the United States. Notably, Kenan Rifai (d. 1950) in Turkey propagated a Sufism grounded in universal love, engaging people from varied backgrounds, including Christians and women.
Contemporary Presence: In the United States, several branches of the Rifai Tariqah are active. These include the groups led by Shaykh Taner Vargonen in northern California, Mehmet Catalkaya (Serif Baba) in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and New York City. Another branch exists in New York as well.
Cultural Impact: The Rifai Tariqah fosters spiritual development through a variety of practices, which vary by region and have been insufficiently studied. Despite this, the order’s emphasis on universal love and its inclusive approach to followers has had a profound cultural impact.
Synonyms:
- Rifai Order
- Rifai Path
Antonyms:
- Non-spiritual Path
- Secular Society
Related Terms and Definitions:
- Sufism: Islamic mysticism characterized by the pursuit of spiritual closeness to God.
- Tariqah: A Sufi order or spiritual path in Islamic tradition.
- Shaykh: A respected Sufi leader or master, often a teacher in a Sufi order.
- Darqawi: Another prominent Sufi order with historical roots.
Exciting Facts:
- The Rifai Tariqah was also known for its vocal spirituality, including the practice of “dhikr” (remembrance of God through repeated chanting).
- Kenan Rifai’s progressive approach included education for women and engagement with other faiths, a unique characteristic among traditional Sufi orders.
Quotations: “Love all and hate none. Mere talk of peace will avail you naught. Mere talk of Allah and religion will not take you far. Bring out all the latent powers of your being and reveal the full magnificence of your immortal self.” — Kenan Rifai
Suggested Literature:
- “The Tariqa Rifaiyya in the Context of the History of Turkish Sufism” by H. T. Norris
- “Sufism: Love & Wisdom” by Jean-Louis Michon and Roger Gaetani
- “The Study of Sufi Orders in the Modern Middle East” by Martin van Bruinessen and Julia Day Howell
Inspirational Farewell:
May the teachings of universal love and spiritual paths illuminate your quest for knowledge and understanding. Embrace diversity, seek deeper truths, and tread your path with an open heart.
Samira El-Mansouri, October 12, 2023
