Ruhaniyyat✨
Definition, Meaning, and Etymology
Ruhaniyyat (روحانیات) refers to spiritual beings within Islamic philosophy and mysticism, specifically designating angels who rule the heavenly spheres and serve as mediators between the spiritual world and humanity. The singular form, Ruhaniyya (روحانية), is often used in the contemporary context to mean “spirituality.”
The term originates from the Arabic root “rūḥ” (روح), meaning “spirit” or “soul,” strongly connecting to the concept of the non-material essence that gives life.
Background and Historical Facts
Ruhaniyyat plays a significant role in Islamic cosmology and philosophy. Predominantly discussed by Muslim philosophers like Al-Farabi and Avicenna, as well as Sufi mystics, the term encapsulates the intricate relationship between the divine order and the material world. These beings were seen as essential to maintaining the harmony of the cosmic order, each assigned celestial realms to monitor and administer.
Cultural Differences and Commonalities
Across various cultures within the Muslim world, the interpretation and veneration of Ruhaniyyat reflect diverse mystical and philosophical traditions. In Sufi traditions, Ruhaniyyat may often be invoked in prayers, seeking their intercession in spiritual matters. The Persian poetic works by Rumi and Hafez exemplify the deep connection to spiritual beings and divine love.
Synonyms, Antonyms, and Related Terms
Synonyms
- Mala’ika (ملائكة): Angel
- Rūḥ (روح): Spirit/Soul
Antonyms
- Jasad (جسد): Body (physical entity)
- Dunyā (دنيا): The world (material existence)
Related Terms
- Maqāmāt (مقامات): Stages or stations in Sufi spiritual development
- Barzakh (برزخ): An intermediate state between death and resurrection
- Tasawwuf (تَصَوُّف): Sufism, the inward dimension of Islam
Interesting Facts
- Cosmic Order: Ruhaniyyat were considered to maintain and regulate the harmony of the stars and planets.
- Al-Farabi viewed these beings as essential intermediaries linking the divine intellect to humans’ rational souls.
- Modern Context: The transition of the term from depicting celestial beings to broader meanings of personal and communal spirituality mirrors the evolving interpretations within Islamic thought.
Notable Quotes
“There are celestial spirits which rule the stars and the universe, mediating divine commands to the terrestrial souls. These are trusted intermediaries in the noble intellects, wise travelers between the heavens and the earth.” — Al-Farabi
Suggested Literature & Further Studies
- “The History of Islamic Philosophy” by Henry Corbin
- “The Mist of Allah: The Philosophy and Myth in an Environmental Context” by Jacqueline Ching
- “Alchemy of Light: The Sufi Teachings of Javadi” by Irina Tweedie
- Articles from the Journal of Islamic Studies
