Understanding TAURĀT (توراة) 📖
The term Taurāt (توراة) in Islam refers to the Torah, the revered set of books ascribed to Moses, recognized in the Qurʾān and Islamic traditions. The word Taurāt derives from the Hebrew term Tōrāh (תּוֹרָה), meaning “the Law.”
Etymology and Background
The term Taurāt finds its reference in Islamic texts, including Sūrah Al-Imran (3:2) of the Qurʾān, where it signifies the divine revelation granted to Moses. The etymology aligns with the original Hebrew word “Tōrāh,” extending its meaning to encompass teachings, instructions, and laws.
The Islamic scholar Ḥājī K͟halīfah, in his bibliographical dictionary “Kashfu ʾz̤-Z̤unūn,” discusses three notable editions of the Taurāt:
- Taurātu ʾs-Sabaʿīn: Known as the Torah of the Seventy, paralleling the Greek translation by seventy-two Jewish scholars, famously known as the Septuagint.
- Taurātu ʾl-Qarrāʾīn wa Rabbānīyīn: The version as interpreted and preserved by Jewish scholars and rabbis.
- Taurātu ʾs-Sāmirah: The Samaritan Pentateuch, a version held by the Samaritans with distinct textual variants from the Masoretic text.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
While both Islam and Judaism revere the Taurāt/Torah, differing views emerge. In Judaism, the Torah is seen as the central way of life, encompassing commandments and teachings. Islam, while acknowledging the Tai, suggests that previous scriptures have been altered and that the final and uncorrupted revelation lies in the Qurʾān. Noteworthy traditions illustrate the cautious stance regarding the direct reading of the Taurāt during the Prophet Muhammad’s time, emphasizing the primacy of the Qurʾān.
Synonyms and Antonyms
- Synonyms: Torah, Pentateuch, Books of Moses, Law of Moses
- Antonyms: None in a religious context but considered altered or superseded in Islamic theology.
Related Terms
- Qurʾān: The Islamic holy book, seen as the final and uncorrupted revelation.
- Injil (إنجيل): The Islamic term for the Gospel given to Jesus.
- Zabur (زبور): Refers to the Psalms given to David in Islamic belief.
Exciting Facts
- Interfaith Reverence: Despite theological differences, Taurāt/Torah serves as a point of dialogue and shared respect between Muslims and Jews.
- Historical Inspirations: Islamic Golden Age scholars studied the Hebrew scriptures extensively to draw legal and ethical parallels.
Quotations
- Qurʾān, Sūrah Al-Imran (3:2): “He sent down to you the Book in truth, confirming what was before it. And He revealed the Taurāt and the Injil.”
- Ḥājī K͟halīfah: “The learned who have examined these editions of the Taurāt found that although they agreed with each other and taught the unity of God, they do not contain stated prayers or almsgiving.”
Suggested Literature and Further Studies
- “Islam and Judaism: 1400 Years of Common Heritage” by Bernard Lewis: Explores the interwoven histories and shared traditions between Islam and Judaism.
- “The Qurʾān and Its Biblical Subtext” by Gabriel Said Reynolds: Offers an academic exploration of how the Qurʾān addresses the earlier Judeo-Christian scriptures.
- “Judaism and Islam in Practice” edited by Nathan Katz and David K. Bogardo: A comprehensive overview of religious practices and cultural exchanges.
Inspirational Thought 🕌
“Recognizing the shared heritage of scriptures fosters a deeper understanding and respect across faiths. Let the wisdom contained in Taurāt serve as a bridge for interfaith dialogue, leading us towards greater unity and peace.”
Date Published: 2023-10-15 By Naila Al-Mustafa, Islamic Studies Scholar
Exploring humankind’s connective tissues via sacred texts enriches both the mind and soul. As you delve deeper into the concept of Taurāt and its profound significance, may your journey towards knowledge be illuminated, and your spirit inspired.
