Understanding Zulaikhāʾ in the Islamic Context
Zulaikhāʾ (زليخاء), more accurately named Zaīkhāʾ (زليخاء), is a notable figure in the Islamic narrative as the wife of Potiphar (referred to as Qit̤fīr in Islamic tradition). Additionally, she is sometimes called Raʿīl, according to the commentary by Al-Baiẓāwī.
Comprehensive Definition
Zulaikhāʾ’s story is primarily chronicled in Sūrah Yusuf (Chapter 12) in the Qurʾān, where she is depicted as the woman who attempted to seduce Joseph (Yūsuf), a prophet known for his exceptional beauty and piety. The narrative highlights themes of temptation, virtue, and divine intervention.
Etymology and Background
The name Zulaikhāʾ is of Semitic origin, signaling possible historical connections across Middle Eastern cultures. Derived from the root ZLK in Arabic, it denotes “to glide” or “to slide,” possibly referring to her initial ethical lapse.
The Narrative in the Qur’an
In Sūrah Yusuf, Zulaikhāʾ’s story unfolds with intense emotional and moral dimensions. Her infatuation with Joseph leads her to close the doors of her home, attempting to lure him into sin. Joseph rejects her advances, citing his loyalty to God and his earthly master. When the truth unfolds through miraculous signs, Zulaikhāʾ’s machinations lead to Joseph’s wrongful imprisonment, although he stands vindicated in the eyes of morality and divinity.
Cultural Influence and Interpretations
This engaging tale resonates within Islamic culture and literature. The story of Yūsuf wa Zulaikhāʾ is celebrated in Persian poetry, notably by ʿAbdu ʾr-Raḥmān Jāmī, who transformed Joseph into a beloved figure akin to Adonis of the Western world.
Cultural Differences and Similarities
Comparatively, Joseph’s chastity story echoes in Judaic and Christian texts, representing universal values of virtue and divine oversight. However, the rich interpretative traditions in Islam highlight additional elements like divine intervention and moral rectitude.
Synonyms and Related Terms
- Josef (in Judaic texts)
- Yusuf (in Arabic)
- Potiphar’s wife (in Christian and Judaic texts)
- Adultery
Antonyms
- Piety
- Fidelity
- Innocence
Related Terms and Definitions
**1. Yusuf (Joseph): A prophet known for his beauty and moral integrity.
**2. Sūrah Yusuf: The 12th chapter of the Qurʾān, dedicated to the story of Joseph.
**3. Potiphar: Known as Qit̤fīr in Islamic tradition, he is the husband of Zulaikhāʾ.
Fascinating Facts
- The story of Zulaikhāʾ also encompasses miraculous events, like an infant speaking to confirm Joseph’s innocence.
- The knife scene, where the women cut their hands out of surprise at Joseph’s beauty, highlights the moral allegories in the story.
Quotations from Notable Writers
ʿAbdu ʾr-Raḥmān Jāmī: “The beauty of Joseph was enigmatic, leaving Zulaikhāʾ helpless, her attempt to ensnare him but reveals the purity of mankind chosen by Divine.”
Suggested Literature
- The Qurʾān, Sūrah Yusuf: For the primary narrative of Zulaikhāʾ and Joseph.
- “Yusuf and Zulaikhāʾ” by Jāmī: To explore the poetic rendition of this story in Persian literature.
- “Joseph and His Brothers” by Thomas Mann: A Western perspective that offers parallels to this tale.
Quizzes
“Through understanding the tale of Zulaikhāʾ and Joseph, we uncover timeless lessons of virtue, the struggles of conscience, and the everlasting power of faith in guiding us through the snares of life.”
— Aliyah ibn Farid, October 2023
