History

🗓️ YAUMU ʾL-ḤARĀʾ: A Dark Chapter in Islamic History
Dive into the significant yet sorrowful event of Yaumu ʾL-Ḥarāʾ, the day an army was sent to al-Madīnah, desecrating the sacred city. Learn about its impact on Islamic history and tradition.
👑 Unveiling WALIYU ʾL-ʿAHD (ولى العهد‎): The Heir to the Throne
Explore the significance of WALIYU ʾL-ʿAHD (ولى العهد‎), the designated heir to a Muslim kingdom or state. Delve into its etymology, historical context, cultural nuances, and much more.
🔍 Understanding Martel, Charles: The Savior of Western Europe
Delve into the life and legacy of Charles Martel, the King of the Franks who played a pivotal role in halting Muslim expansion into Western Europe during the Battle of Tours in 732.
🌐 Unveiling AR-RŪM (الروم): From Byzantines to the Qurʾān
Discover the meaning and significance of AR-RŪM (الروم) in both historical and contemporary contexts. Learn about its roots in the ancient Byzantine Empire and its presence in the Qurʾān.
⚔️ Understanding TANFĪL (تنفيل‎): The Legacy of Spoils in Islamic Tradition
Explore the concept of Tanfīl, or plundering in religious warfare, as commended in the Qurʾān. Understand its historical and theological significance within Islamic teachings and how it compares to similar practices in other religious and cultural contexts.
🔍 Decoding RASM: The 🕌 Islamic Concept of Customs and Law
Dive into the rich history and meaning of 'RASM', a term signifying customs, laws, and ancient records in pre-Islamic and Islamic context. Understand its implications and place in different cultures, especially in Hindustan.
🏞️ The Muslim League: Pioneers of Pakistan 🇵🇰
Delve into the history and significance of the Muslim League, the political force that spearheaded the creation of Pakistan. Explore the etymology, key figures, historical context, and cultural impact.
👑 Illuminating the Life of FĀT̤IMAH (فاطمة‎): Daughter of the Prophet
Explore the legacy of FĀT̤IMAH (فاطمة‎), daughter of Prophet Muḥammad, and her impact on Islamic history. Understand her role as a model of virtue and her influence on generations through her descendants known as Saiyids.
👥 Exploring ḤĀRIS̤ (حارث‎): Unveiling a Name Through Time
Dive into the world of ḤĀRIS̤ (حارث‎), a common name among early Islamic companions. Discover the historical and cultural significance of this name, including notable figures who bore it.
🕰 The Enigmatic Nebuchadnezzar: Historical & Cultural Perspectives
Delve deep into the life and reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, also known as Bukht Nassar, the illustrious Babylonian king whose rule has been chronicled in both historical texts and religious scriptures. Explore his impact on history, culture, and his enduring legacy.
⚖️ Qadi Askar: The Pillars of Ottoman Judiciary
Dive into the role of Qadi Askar, the highest-ranking law officials in the Ottoman Empire. Explore their legal, military, and administrative influence, understand their critical role within the state apparatus, and examine their lasting historical significance.
🏰 DŪMAH (دومة‎): A Fortified Town in Islamic and Pre-Islamic History
Explore DŪMAH (دومة‎) within historical Islamic context and its transformation under the leadership of Khalid ibn al-Walid and other significant events marking its importance.
🔮 AL-KĪMIYĀʾ (الكيمياء‎): The Enigmatic Practice of Alchemy in Islam
Delve into Al-Kīmiyāʾ, or Alchemy, within Islamic tradition. Understand its historical roots, cultural significance, and how it went beyond ancient science to influence Sufi mystical practices.
🌟 Exploring AL-LĀT (اللات‎): The Idol of Ancient Arabia
Delve into the historical and theological significance of AL-LĀT (اللات‎), the idol worshipped by ancient Arabians. Discover its associations in the Qur'an, its place among the idols al-‘Uzzā and Manāt, and the ensuing theological discourse.
🌍 The Complex History of Islam in Russia
An in-depth exploration of Islam's journey across Russia, touching on the Muslim population's demographic, cultural, and political landscape. Discover how despite adversity, Islam has thrived in Russia throughout the ages.
🔍 Qaramita: The Ismaili Shii Militant Uprising 🗡️
Delve into the history and significance of the Qaramita, an Ismaili Shia group that founded an influential state and posed a significant challenge to the Abbasid Caliphate. Learn about their rise and fall and the impact they had on Islamic history.
🕌 Jamaat al-Muslimin (Trinidad): An Intricate Tapestry of Struggle and Reform
Examine the history, significance, and socio-political impact of Jamaat al-Muslimin in Trinidad under the guidance of Yasin Abu Bakr. Learn about its journey, challenges, and contributions to the fabric of Trinidadian society.
🗺️ Exploring Ḥijaz (حجاز): The Heartland of Islam
Dive into the historical, cultural, and religious significance of Ḥijaz, the cradle of Islamic civilization, and understand its place in the broader Middle Eastern context.
🌍 Abdul-Rahman al-Bazzaz: The Legacy of an Iraqi Nationalist 📜
Delve into the life and legacy of Abdul-Rahman al-Bazzaz, an influential Iraqi Arab nationalist politician known for his contributions to the law, education, and the international oil industry.
🌍 Journey Through Time with Ibn Battutah: The 🎒 Greatest Muslim Explorer
Explore the life and travels of Ibn Battutah, a celebrated North African explorer, whose journeys across the Islamic world from the 14th century remain a pivotal source of historical insights.
🌍 The Arab League: Unity in Diversity Across the Arab Nations
A comprehensive exploration of the Arab League, its foundation, goals, historical significance, and cultural diversity within its member states. Learn how this institution advocates for political, economic, and social cooperation in the Arab world.
🏠 Exploring Tekke: The Heartbeat of Sufi Mysticism
Discover the rich history, significance, and cultural relevance of Tekke, the spiritual hubs of Sufi Islam. Learn about their role in mysticism, teaching, and community life.
📖 Discovering AḤQĀF (احقاف‎): The Land and Its Significance in the Qurʾān
Explore AḤQĀF—a historic tract of land in Yemen and the title of the 46th Sūrah of the Qurʾān. Understand its geographical, historical, and theological significance within Islamic literature.
📚 Unearthing the Depths of MADRASA: Islamic Educational Institutions 🏫
Explore the rich history and evolution of madrasas, Islamic educational institutions, from their inception to contemporary times, across diverse cultures and geographies.
🏛️ Bab-i Ali: The Heartbeat of the Ottoman Empire
Dive into the history and significance of Bab-i Ali, the embodiment of Ottoman power and governance. From its roots to its tangible impact, discover how this cornerstone of imperial administration shaped an empire.
🏹 Abu ʿUbaidah (ابو عبيدة‎): The Trustworthy Companion of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
Dive into the life of Abu ʿUbaidah ibn al-Jarrah, one of the closest companions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Learn about his bravery, leadership, and his role as one of the 'Asharah al-Mubashsharah (the Ten Promised Paradise).
🕌 Zanzibar, Islam in - A Journey through History and Culture 🌴
Explore the rich Islamic heritage of Zanzibar, a melting pot of cultures shaped by Arab, Persian, and Indian Ocean influences. Understand the historical trajectory from the 8th century Arab arrival to present-day Zanzibar.
🛡️ Understanding DHIMMI: Non-Muslims under Islamic Protection
Explore the concept of Dhimmi in Islamic law, a covenant of protection accorded to non-Muslims. Understand its historical significance, implications, and cultural perspectives.
🏛️ The Evolution of the Republican People’s Party (Turkey): From Dominance to Democracy
Discover the history, ideology, and impact of the Republican People’s Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi) in Turkey. Understand its role in shaping modern Turkey and its journey from single-party rule to becoming a pivotal force in a multiparty democratic system.
🌴 The Historic Province of YAMĀMAH (يمامة‎) in Islamic History 📜
Dive into the rich history of Yamāmah, a critical province in the eastern Ḥijāz, frequently mentioned in the chronicles of Prophet Muḥammad's life. Understand its historical, cultural, and religious significance.
📚 Unveiling the Depths of Islamic History (Ilm al-Tarikh) 📖
Illuminate Islamic History with 'Ilm al-tarikh', exploring its diverse elements including hadith compilations, biography, chronicles, and modern perspectives. Discover the profound journey through time and its cultural manifestations.
🛡️ Agha: The Influential Powerbrokers of Ottoman Algeria 🇩🇿
Dive into the historical significance of the Aghas, the chief officers of the Janissaries in Algeria, who played critical roles in the political and military arenas, eventually becoming rulers themselves in the mid-17th century.
⚔️ The Battle of Lepanto: A Turning Point in History
Dive into the historic 1571 naval clash known as the Battle of Lepanto, where the united forces of Christian Europe halted the Ottoman Empire's expansion into the Mediterranean, marking a significant shift in global geopolitics and religious power dynamics.
🌍 Insights into MILLET: The Ottoman System of Religious Communities
Discover the concept of 'Millet,' an Ottoman system that encapsulated religious diversity by allowing various religious communities autonomy within the empire. Explore its historical significance, cultural impacts, and contemporary relevance.
📖 Uncovering the Role of the Uganda Muslim Student Association 🏫
Delve into the history and significance of the Uganda Muslim Student Association, founded under the influence of President Idi Amin in the 1970s, aimed at fostering Islamic teachings and strengthening ties with Libya and Saudi Arabia.
📚 Exploring Idris (Enoch): The Pious Ancient Prophet 🌟
Delve into the life and significance of Idris (Enoch), a revered prophet in Islam, exploring his contributions, historical context, and his connection with other religious traditions.
📜 Delving into the History of NĪNAWĀ (نينوى‎): The 🌍 Ancient Metropolis
Discover the rich history and significance of NĪNAWĀ (Nineveh), from its origins in ancient Mesopotamia to its mention in Islamic tradition. Unearth cultural aspects and its role in various religious narratives.
🏛️ The Legacy of Ibn Tulun, Ahmad: Egypt's Pioneering Ruler
Explore the life and legacy of Ahmad Ibn Tulun, the founder of the Tulunid dynasty in Egypt. Discover his administrative reforms, cultural advancements, and architectural marvels such as the iconic Ibn Tulun Mosque in Cairo.
⚔️ The Patrona Halil Rebellion: Unveiling the 1730 Istanbul Uprising
Explore the Patrona Halil Rebellion, the 1730 uprising against Sultan Ahmet III which marked a pivotal point in Ottoman history. Understand the causes, events, and the aftermath of this significant revolt.
✨ Prophet Solomon: Unveiling the Wisdom and Mystique of Sulaimān (سليمان‎)
Dive into the world of Prophet Solomon, known as Sulaimān (سليمان‎) in Arabic, and Shelōmōh in Hebrew. Understand his celebrated wisdom, power over nature and the supernatural, and his pivotal role in Islamic theology.
🌟 ʿUMAR (عمر‎): The Pillar of Islamic Leadership
Explore the life and legacy of ʿUmar ibn al-Khatt̤āb, the second Caliph of Islam. Understand his contributions to the expansion and administration of the Islamic state, including cultural insights and his lasting influence on Islamic governance.
🔍 The Islamic Perspective on Slavery: Historical Context and Ethical Nuances
Dive into the complex historical and ethical dimensions of slavery in Islamic tradition, juxtaposing it with slavery in other historical contexts, as seen through the teachings of the Qurʾān, Hadiths, and various scholarly interpretations.
🏺 Muhammad Ali Dynasty: Shaping Egypt's Modern History
Explore the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, its impact on Egypt's history, and its ambitious modernization efforts from 1805 to 1952, which influenced the country's military, education, technology, infrastructure, and governance.
🛡️ Understanding AMĀN (أمان‎): Islamic Protection in Historical Context
Dive into the historical and theological understanding of Amān (أمان‎) in Islam, a concept of protection granted to non-Muslims who pay Jizyah. Explore its roots, significance, and compare it with similar guarantees in other cultures.
🦁 Exploring LAIS̤ (ليث‎): The Generous Guardians of Kinānah
Delve into the history and cultural significance of the LAIS̤ tribe, an Arabic tribe descended from Kinānah. Learn about their unique customs, notably their stance on communal eating, which influenced verses in the Qur'an.
⛰️ Discovering AL-JŪDĪ (الجودى‎): The Landing Place of Noah’s Ark
Explore AL-JŪDĪ, the location where Noah’s Ark rested as mentioned in the Qurʾān. Understand its historical, geographical, and cultural significance, along with its impact on various traditions.
🌍 Exploring the Crimea Khanate: A Historical Overview 🏰
Discover the rich history of the Crimea Khanate, a realm established by Muslim Tatars and Turks in the fifteenth century. Learn about its unique blend of traditions, its robust trade economy, and its ultimate annexation by the Russian Empire.
🌍 Faith in Senegal: The Role of Islam in Society 🕌
Dive deep into the rich history, diversity, and influence of Islam in Senegal. Understand the unique cultural aspects, historical significance, and the Sufi brotherhoods such as Tijani and Muridi.
🌙 Exploring the Salihi Tariqah: A Chapter of Islamic Revivalism
Dive into the history and significance of the Salihi Tariqah, an influential Islamic movement that originated in Mecca and played a crucial role in early 20th-century Somalia. Understand its principles, conflicts, and contributions to Islamic society.
🌟 Nasif, Malak Hifni: A Beacon of Feminist Reform in Egypt
Dive into the life and legacy of Malak Hifni Nasif, a pioneering Egyptian feminist and Islamic modernist reformer who passionately advocated for women's rights in the early 20th century.
🌟 Timur Lang - Legendary Conqueror and Builder of Empires
Discover the remarkable life of Timur Lang, also known as Tamerlane, and his unparalleled influence on the Islamic World through his military conquests and political strategies.
🌟 Understanding ʿIMLĪQ (عمليق‎): The Progenitor of the ʿAmāliqah
Dive into the rich history and origins of ʿIMLĪQ (عمليق‎), the grandson of Shem and the forefather of the ʿAmāliqah or Amalekites. Explore their settlement in Makkah and al-Madīnah and their mention in sacred texts.
🍃 AL-YAMAN (اليمن‎): The Garden of Arabia
Dive into the lush, historical, and culturally rich province of Al-Yaman, often referred to as the Garden of Arabia. Explore its significance, the etymology of its name, and its place in the broader context of Islamic and Middle Eastern historical narratives.
🏡 Exploring KHANAQAH: The 💭 Sufi Meetinghouse
Delve into the world of Khanaqah, a Sufi meetinghouse central to spiritual gatherings and communal worship. Understand its historical origins, cultural significance, and its evolution within Sufi practices.
🏫 Universities (Islamic): Bridging Tradition and Modernity 📚
Examine the history, evolution, and contemporary role of Islamic universities, from the founding of Qarawiyin in 859 to modern institutions blending traditional Islamic sciences with modern disciplines.
🏰 Understanding Alhambra: The Majestic Red Castle of Islamic Spain
Explore the Alhambra, a majestic fourteenth-century palace of the Nasrid dynasty in Granada, Spain. Delve into its historical significance, architectural marvels, and cultural importance in Islamic heritage.
🐘 The Year of the Elephant: ʿĀmu ʾl-Fīl (عام الفيل‎) 🕋
Explore the historical and religious significance of the Year of the Elephant, the year Prophet Muhammad was born, focusing on the legendary march of Abrahatu ʾl-Ashram.
👑 The KISRĀ (كسری‎): The Majestic Kings of Ancient Persia
Explore the fascinating history and significance of the KISRĀ (كسری‎), the rulers of the Sassanian dynasty in Persia. Discover their connection with Islamic history and their influence on ancient and modern cultures.
👩‍⚕️ Exploring T̤ABĪB (طبيب‎): The Islamic Concept of a Medical Doctor
Dive deep into the term T̤ABĪB (طبيب‎), an essential figure in Islamic culture and medicine. Learn about the rich history, etymology, cultural variations, and significant impacts of T̤ABĪB (طبيب‎) in the world of science and health.
💰 Understanding SATTŪQAH: The Base Coins in Islamic Finance
Dive into the concept of SATTŪQAH, a term used to refer to base coins prevalent among merchants but not accepted in public treasuries. Understand its historical and economic significance in Islamic finance.
📜 The Legacy of Futa Jallon: A Beacon of Islamic Resistance and Reform
Dive into the historical significance of Futa Jallon in central Guinea, West Africa, as a site of Islamic uprisings and reforms during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Discover the leadership of figures like Karamoko Alfa and Ibrahima Sori, and trace the influence to Uthman Dan Fodio.
📜 The Legendary Figure of Sinan, Rashid al-Din: The 'Old Man of the Mountain'
Explore the legacy of Sinan, Rashid al-Din, a prominent Nizari Ismaili missionary known for his strategic prowess and political alliances in medieval Syria. Discover his influence, historical context, and the myths that surrounded his life and mission.
📜 Unveiling SHUʿAIB (شعيب‎): Preacher to the Prophets
Explore the life and teachings of Shuʿaib, a revered prophet in Islamic tradition. Learn about his significance, the message he brought to the people of Midian, and his portrayal in the Qur’an.
📝 Biography & Contributions of Ibn Miskawayh: Pioneer of Ethical Philosophy in Islam
Discover the life and work of Ibn Miskawayh, the Persian philosopher and historian who made significant contributions to Islamic ethics. Explore his profound teachings and his influence on Islamic thought and society.
🔍 Marxism and Islam: Bridging Ideologies for Social Justice
Explore the intersection of Marxism and Islam, their shared ideals of social justice, and the historical context behind their alliance. Delve into the cultural nuances and ideological syntheses that emerged, as well as the challenges and contributions of this amalgamation.
🔍 The Rise and Fall of the Ottoman Empire: A Historical Examination
Discover the extensive and influential history of the Ottoman Empire, a vast state that spanned from southeastern Europe to North Africa. Explore its social, cultural, and political complexities.
🔍 Understanding Sinai: The Sacred Mountain and Peninsula
Explore the historical and spiritual significance of Sinai, the mountain where God delivered the tablets of law to Moses, its depiction in the Qur'an, and its importance in Islamic theology.
🚪 The Forgotten Path: Raiyān Ibn Al-Walīd, Pharaoh in the Time of Joseph
Journey through Islamic history and explore the story of Raiyān ibn Al-Walīd, the Pharaoh during the era of Prophet Joseph (Yūsuf). Delve into Qurʾānic references and historical contexts that paint a picture of ancient Egypt.
🏛️ Discovering Sinan Abdul Menan: The Architectural Genius of the Ottoman Empire
Uncover the life and accomplishments of Sinan Abdul Menan, famously known as Mimar Sinan, the chief architect of the Ottoman Empire. Explore his magnificent works and his lasting legacy on Islamic and world architecture.
🏛️ Examining the Welfare Party (Refah Partisi): Turkish Islamist Political Evolution
Dive into the history and legacy of the Welfare Party (Refah Partisi) in Turkey, from its establishment through its significant political milestones and eventual dissolution. Understand its ideology, cultural impact, and comparative significance within the broader Islamic political spectrum.
🏛️ Zaytunah: The Beacon of Islamic Scholarship in North Africa 🌟
Dive into the history and significance of Zaytunah, the illustrious mosque and center of higher learning in Tunis. Explore its journey from a beacon of knowledge in the early eighth century, through the tumultuous periods, to its modern role in Islamic education.
🕌 Islam in Afghanistan: An Epic Journey Through History
Dive into the deep and dynamic history of Islam in Afghanistan, from the arrival in the 8th century to the contemporary era. Explore the cultural complexities, historical transformations, and the diverse Islamic practices within the country.
🕌 Understanding MAJLIS: The 🏛️ Council and Gathering in Islamic Tradition
Delve into the concept of Majlis, its historical trajectory, administrative significance, and cultural implications within Islamic societies from ancient times to modernity.
🕌🌍 Exploring the Moors: The Muḥammadan Conquerors of Spain
Dive into the captivating history of the Moors, Muslim conquerors from North Africa who had a profound impact on Spain's history, culture, and geography.
🛠️ Understanding Niqabah: The Concept of Professional Syndicates in the Islamic World
Explore the term Niqabah, its evolution, and its relevance in occupational fields within the Muslim world. Understand its historical context and the shift in meaning from guardianship to professional syndicate.
⚔️ Hittin, Battle of - A Turning Point in Crusader-Muslim Relations 🪔
Delve into the Battle of Hittin in 1187, a crucial confrontation between Salah al-Din (Saladin) and Crusaders that ended the Latin occupation of Jerusalem. Explore its significance in medieval history and the ripple effect it had on subsequent Crusades.
⚔️ Kosovo, Battle of: A Defining Moment in Ottoman and Serbian History
Dive into the historical significance of the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. Understand its role in Ottoman expansion and its deep-rooted symbolism in Serbian nationalist consciousness.
⚔️ Understanding Al-Anfāl (الانفال‎): The Surah of Spoils
Explore Al-Anfāl (الانفال‎), the 8th Surah of the Qur'an which addresses the division of spoils taken at the Battle of Badr. Learn about its historical context, significance in Islamic jurisprudence, and comparisons with other religious traditions.
✝️ Christianity and Islam: Intersection and Coexistence 🕋
Explore the historical relations, cultural exchanges, and the evolution of Christianity and Islam through centuries. Understand how the two religions influenced each other and the world around them.
🌍 Islam in Turkmenistan: Tradition and Modernity
A deep dive into the history, cultural impact, and current dynamics of Islam in Turkmenistan, exploring its evolution from Soviet control to contemporary practice.
🌍 Understanding Christianity in Early Islamic Contexts: A Historical Perspective
Explore the historical interactions and theological dynamics between Christianity and early Islam, focusing on how Christianity was perceived and practiced in Arabian society under the rise of Islam.
🌍 Unveiling Hamallism: The Revolutionary Malian Sufi Movement
Discover the transformative journey of Hamallism, a Malian offshoot of the Tijani Sufi brotherhood. Learn about its social reform initiatives, spiritual tenets, historical challenges, and cultural impact.
🏫 Unveiling Pesantren: A Pillar of Islamic Education in Southeast Asia 🌏
Explore Pesantren, its historical significance, and evolving role in preserving Islamic values in Southeast Asia. Understand its contribution to education and societal development over the centuries.
👑 Solomon: The Wise King and Prophet in Islam 📜
Explore the majestic tapestry of Prophet Solomon (Sulaiman) in the Islamic tradition. Known for his unparalleled wisdom, kingdom, and the miraculous accounts associated with him.
📈 Capitalism and Islam: Bridging Values and Economics 🌙
Explore the complex relationship between capitalism and Islamic economics, delving into Quranic support, ethical practices, and the historical evolution of Islamic economic thought. Understand contemporary Islamic banking practices and how they seek to balance profit with social justice.
📚 Fihrist - The 📜 Islamic Catalog of Knowledge
Dive into the history and intricacies of the Fihrist, the sophisticated Islamic catalogue system used for compiling and organizing scholarly works.
📜 Discovering Maqrizi: The Eminent Egyptian Historian 🕌
Dive into the life and works of Taqi al-Din Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Ali ibn al-Qadir al-Maqrizi, a renowned 15th-century Egyptian historian, scholar, and writer. Explore his significant contributions to history, geography, and biography.
📜 Remembering Sayyida Nafisa: The Pious Scholar of Cairo
Dive into the life and legacy of Sayyida Nafisa, a revered Islamic scholar and saint. Learn about her contributions to Islamic jurisprudence, her performing of miracles, and her enduring legacy.
📜 Unpacking SAUT̤ (سوط‎): The Whip in Islamic Context
Understand the significance of 'SAUT̤' (سوط‎), meaning 'whip' in Islamic culture, tracing its etymology, uses, and related terms like Dirrah. Explore how it factors into Islamic justice, literature, and cultural applications.
📜 Unveiling the Role of Wazīr: The Pillar of Islamic Governance
Dive deep into the historical and cultural significance of the Wazīr, a crucial figure in Islamic governments. Understand its etymology, responsibilities, and its portrayal in Islamic and medieval literature.

Islamic Terms Lexicon

IslamicTermsLexicon.com is your ultimate resource for understanding the vast and intricate world of Islamic doctrines, rites, ceremonies, customs, and technical & theological terms. Our comprehensive dictionary provides thousands of terms in both English and Arabic, each with detailed definitions, authoritative references, and quizzes designed to sharpen your understanding and enhance your learning experience.

Amina Al-Fahad Ibrahim Al-Hakim Ibrahim Al-Rashid Ibrahim Al-Hassan Hassan Al-Rashid Fatima Al-Hassan Fatima Al-Zahra Yusuf Al-Hakim Layla Al-Rashid Fatima Al-Rashid Ibrahim Al-Mansur Layla Hassan Zainab Al-Rashid Fatima Zahra Layla Al-Hassan Zayd Al-Hakim Zaynab Al-Rashid Ibrahim Al-Yusuf Layla Hasan Yusuf Al-Mahdi Yusuf Al-Rashid Dr. Layla Hassan Fatima Al-Husseini Harun Al-Rashid Ibrahim Malik Layla Ahmed Mustafa Al-Hakim Ahmad Al-Rashid Hakim Al-Rashid Hasan Al-Rashid Hassan Al-Hakim Hassan Al-Tamimi Ibrahim Al-Hakeem Ibrahim Al-Hashimi Ibrahim Al-Hussein Ibrahim Al-Karim Ibrahim Al-Khalil Ibrahim Al-Yazid Ibrahim Mustafa Khalid Al-Mansoor Omar Al-Hakim Omar Al-Rashid Samira Al-Hakim Tariq Al-Hakim Yusuf Al-Mansur Zainab Malik Zaynab Al-Hakim Zaynab Al-Hussein Ahmad Al-Hakim Fatima Ahmed Fatima Al-Husayni Fatima Al-Hussein Fatima Al-Mansouri Fatima El-Amin Fatima El-Sayed Fatima Rahman Fatima Rahmani Fatima Siddiqui Fatimah Al-Rashid Fatimah Zahra Hassan Al-Mansur Hassan Al-Razi Ibrahim Al-Husseini Ibrahim Al-Khatib Ibrahim Al-Mahdi Ibrahim Al-Mansoor Ibrahim Al-Mansour Ibrahim Al-Mansouri Ibrahim Al-Najjar Ibrahim Hassan Ibrahim Khalid Ibrahim Suleiman Khalid Al-Rashid Layla Al-Hakim Layla Al-Hashimi Layla Al-Mansoori Layla Al-Mansouri Layla Mahmoud Layla Mustafa Layla Rahman Tariq Al-Mansur Yasmin Al-Hassan Yasmin Al-Rashid Yusuf Al-Mansoor Yusuf Ibn Khalid Zara Ahmed Zaynab Hassan Ahmed Al-Hakim Aisha Ahmed Aisha Al-Hassan Aisha Rahman Aliyah Rahman Farah Al-Zahra Fatima Al-Habib Fatima Al-Hariri Fatima Al-Hassani Fatima Al-Mahmoud Fatima Al-Najjar Fatima Al-Qadri Fatima Anwar